Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Depressive Mood in Korean Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Jo, Seog-Young; Kwon, Yu‐Jin; Cho, A-Ra

doi:10.4082/kjfm.21.0102

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is possible that the correlation between depression and LDL-C levels followed a U-shaped pattern, as indicated by previous research. [10] Depression is linked to either elevated or reduced levels of LDL-C, to put it differently. Another reason is that the traditional CVD risk factors may serve as mediators in the relationship between depression and hypercholesterolemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] Rubina et al recently conducted a study which found that there was no correlation between depression and low levels of LDL-C in adult Indians. [9 ] In a cross-sectional study of 40,904 Korean adults, it was discovered by scientists that depression symptoms are linked to either low or high levels of LDL-C. [10] In Northern Mexican Population, depression was significantly linked to lower cholesterol levels according to a different study. [11] According to a meta-analysis conducted by Persons et al, [12] there is a correlation between decreased LDL-C levels and an increased likelihood of experiencing depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causal relationship between depression and hypercholesterolemia: A bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization study

Zhang,

Song

2024

Medicine

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Although observational studies have found both a positive and negative association between depression and hypercholesterolemia, the findings are mixed and contradictory. To our knowledge, this is the first study that employs the bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR analysis with extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data to examine the causal effect between depression and hypercholesterolemia. Using summary statistics obtained from GWAS of individuals with European ancestry, we utilize a bidirectional 2-sample MR approach to explore the potential causal association between hypercholesterolemia and depressive symptoms. Multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis was used to examine whether the direct causal effect of depression on the risk of hypercholesterolemia can be affected by traits associated with the increased risk of hypercholesterolemia. This MR analysis utilized inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and weighted median methods. Data on the summary level of depression were acquired from a GWAS that involved 500,199 participants. We used summary GWAS datasets for hypercholesterolemia including 206,067 participants. We also used another GWAS databases of hypercholesterolemiat (n = 463,010) to validate our results. By utilizing IVW, it was discovered that there is a possibility of a 31% rise in the risk of hypercholesterolemia due to depression (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.10–1.57, P = .002). We found a consistent causal effect of depression on hypercholesterolemia from the IVW analyses using different hypercholesterolemia datasets. After adjustment of smoking, physical activity, and obesity, there remains significant causal relationship between depression and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.01–1.54, P = .040). However, we did not find any evidence indicating that hypercholesterolemia leads to depression in the opposite direction. Directional pleiotropy was not observed in the MR-Egger regression analysis. Additionally, the MR-PRESSO analysis validated these discoveries. Neither the leave-one-out sensitivity test nor the funnel plots revealed any outliers. In both the unadjusted and adjusted estimates, depression has a consistent direct causal effect on hypercholesterolemia. Our study has led to an improved comprehension of the causal connections between hypercholesterolemia and depression, which could aid in the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal relationship between depression and hypercholesterolemia: A bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization study

Zhang,

Song

2024

Medicine

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“…Cholesterol has a crucial role in brain development and in neuron-to-neuron signaling [22]. Past studies showed that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels are associated with depression [23][24][25]. LDL cholesterol can reduce the availability of serotonin and increase depression risk [26] by directly impairing the function of the serotonin 1A receptor in the brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Potential Protein Biomarkers in a Depressed Chinese Malaysian University Student Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Yap

Foo

Lim

et al. 2023

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Biomedicines

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Factor Structures in the Depressive Symptoms Domains in the 9Q for Northern Thai Adults and Their Association with Chronic Diseases

Kawilapat,

Traisathit,

Maneeton

et al. 2024

Behavioral Sciences

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Most of the common models to examine depression are one-factor models; however, previous studies provided several-factor structure models on each depressive symptom using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The Nine-Questions Depression-Rating Scale (9Q) is an alternative assessment tool that was developed for assessing the severity of depressive symptoms in Thai adults. This study aimed to examine the factor structure of this tool based on the factor structure models for the PHQ-9 provided in previous studies using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We also examined the association of chronic diseases and depressive symptoms using the Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes model among 1346 participants aged 19 years old or more without psychiatric disorders. The results show that the two-factor CFA model with six items in the cognitive-affective domain and three items in the somatic domain provided the best fit for depressive symptoms in the study population (RMSEA = 0.077, CFI = 0.953, TLI = 0.936). Dyslipidemia was positively associated with both cognitive-affective symptoms (β = 0.120) and somatic depressive symptoms (β = 0.080). Allergies were associated with a higher level of cognitive-affective depressive symptoms (β = 0.087), while migraine (β = 0.114) and peptic ulcer disease (β = 0.062) were associated with a higher level of somatic symptoms. Increased age was associated with a lower level of somatic symptoms (β = −0.088). Our findings suggested that considering depressive symptoms as two dimensions yields a better fit for depressive symptoms. The co-occurrence of chronic diseases associated with depressive symptoms should be monitored.

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Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Depressive Mood in Korean Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Causal relationship between depression and hypercholesterolemia: A bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization study

Causal relationship between depression and hypercholesterolemia: A bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization study

Identification of Potential Protein Biomarkers in a Depressed Chinese Malaysian University Student Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Factor Structures in the Depressive Symptoms Domains in the 9Q for Northern Thai Adults and Their Association with Chronic Diseases

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