Serum Level of Vitamin D Is Associated with Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

Background: Postmenopausal women experience rapid progression of coronary artery disease. Vitamin D deficiency appears to be a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to analyze the impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D) level on the severity of coronary atherosclerosis and its potential cardioprotective effect in postmenopausal women. Material and Methods: The study prospectively recruited 351 women in postmenopausal age undergoing coronary angiography. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was assessed using the Coronary Artery Surgery Study Score (CASSS). A level of 25(OH)D was measured with electrochemiluminescence. Results: Women with more severe coronary atherosclerosis have significantly lower 25(OH)D serum level (p = 0.0001). Vitamin D (β = −0.02; p = 0.016), hypertension (β = 0.44; p = 0.025), age (β = 0.02; p = 0.003), and history of MI (β = 0.63; p < 0.0001), were shown as CASSS determinants. Age, hyperlipidemia, and history of MI were found to determine the level of vitamin D (all p < 0.05). Women with a three-vessel disease hospitalized due to ACS, with a history of MI, hyperlipidemia and hypertension presented the lowest vitamin D level. Conclusions: Our study showed that lower serum 25(OH)D in postmenopausal women is associated with more significant stenosis in the coronary arteries. Therefore, we suggest considering low vitamin D level as a potential risk factor for coronary artery disease.

Sleep patterns modify the association of 25(OH)D with poor cardiovascular health in pregnant women

“…Consistent with our findings, several observational studies ( 8 , 9 , 25 ) showed that serum 25(OH)D were inversely associated with poor CVH risk, and previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) also observed that vitamin D supplementation improved some CVH markers. ( 10 , 26 ) Although the mechanisms underlying the observed inverse relationship between serum 25(OH)D and CVD risk remain unknown, several potential explanations exist.…”

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Is Not Associated with Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Is Not Correlated with Vitamin D Level in Patients with a History of an Acute Coronary Syndrome

“…The final statistical analysis included 181 men and 87 women, whose ages ranged from 36 to 93 years, with a history of a previous myocardial infarction treated with acetylsalicylic acid and atorvastatin or rosuvastatin. Details on clinical characteristics of the patients were presented in our previous articles [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], as this study is a part of an ongoing project addressing the vitamin D association with the severity of CAD in Polish patients. Exclusion criteria included platelet count <100 or >450 × 10 3 µL, active neoplastic processes or paraneoplastic syndromes, elevated concentrations of inflammatory markers—C-reactive protein concentration >5 mg/L or total white blood count exceeding 10 × 10 3 cells/µL, chronic kidney disease (stages III–V), calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders as well as vitamin D ingesting as a diet supplement or a medication.…”

Vitamin D Level in Patients with Consecutive Acute Coronary Syndrome Is Not Correlated with the Parameters of Platelet Activity

“…The results of analyses are presented in previously published articles where details of the study population and measurements (ACS and/or diabetes diagnosis, interview questionnaire, body mass index (BMI), concentration of total cholesterol (TC) and/or triglycerides (TGs), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, coronary angiography, and total 25(OH)D in participant serum and plasma) are described [34][35][36][37].…”