Serum and Urinary MIP-1α and IP-10 Levels
in Children with Urinary Tract Infections*

Gorczyca, Damian; Augustyniak, Daria; Basiewicz-Worsztynowicz, Barbara; Karnas-Kalemba, Wiesława

doi:10.17219/acem/37341

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…and Gorczyca et al . did not confirm a rapid decrease of the cytokine levels in children with UTI [35, 39]. In our patients, samples of urine were obtained in the first 48 hours from admission, and in some patients also after initiation of treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Urine interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor β1 in infants with urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria

Krzemień¹,

Szmigielska²,

Turczyn³

et al. 2016

cejoi

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IntroductionUrinary tract infection (UTI) occurs in 1.1% of girls and 1.4% of boys during the first year of life. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) is usually detected incidentally in 0.9% of girls and 2.5% of boys at this age. The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of measurement of pro-inflammatory urine interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 concentrations and anti-inflammatory transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) level in infants with febrile UTI, non-febrile UTI and ABU.Material and methodsA total of 35 children, mean age 6.14 ±3.47 months, were divided into three groups: group I – febrile UTI (n = 13), group II – non-febrile UTI (n = 13) and group III – ABU (n = 9). At the time of enrollment urine IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1 and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured. Renal ultrasound was performed in all children, 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy (DMSA) and voiding cystourethrography in children with UTI.ResultsUrine concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in febrile UTI compared to those with non-febrile UTI and ABU (p < 0.5, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with CRP, ESR and WBC (p < 0.01). Urine levels of TGF-β1 were significantly higher in children with febrile UTI compared to those with ABU (p < 0.05) and positively correlated with WBC (p < 0.01). Inflammatory changes in the DMSA scan were detected in 66.6% of children with UTI. No significant difference in frequency of an abnormal DMSA scan compared to a normal scan was found in groups with febrile and non-febrile UTI. No relations between urine cytokines, systemic inflammatory markers and changes in DMSA scan were observed. The cutoff value for detection of inflammatory changes in the DMSA scan for IL-8 was 120 pg/mg creatinine (Cr) and 40 pg/mg Cr for TGF-β1. Based on this value, the sensitivity for IL-8 was 58.3%, specificity 100% and for TGF-β1 66.7% and 83.7%, respectively.ConclusionsWe found significant differences in children with febrile UTI and ABU regarding urine IL-6, IL-8 and TGF-β1 levels. Urine cytokines and systemic inflammatory markers do not differentiate between upper and lower UTI in infants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Urine interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor β1 in infants with urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria

Krzemień¹,

Szmigielska²,

Turczyn³

et al. 2016

cejoi

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“…This study showed that leukocyturia without histological inflammation did not have elevated urine CXCL10 levels; however, there were few urine cultures reported to confirm or exclude infection at the time of biopsy. Other studies have reported association of CXCL10 with urinary tract infection risk in both transplant 32 and nontransplant 32,55,56 settings. In clinical use, caution will still be required to exclude urinary tract infection from the differential diagnosis, prior to proceeding with more invasive diagnostics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Validity and utility of urinary CXCL10/Cr immune monitoring in pediatric kidney transplant recipients

Blydt-Hansen

Sharma

Gibson

et al. 2021

American Journal of Transplantation

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Individualized posttransplant immunosuppression is hampered by suboptimal monitoring strategies. To validate the utility of urinary CXCL10/Cr immune monitoring in children, we conducted a multicenter prospective observational study in children <21 years with serial and biopsy‐associated urine samples (n = 97). Biopsies (n = 240) were categorized as normal (NOR), rejection (>i1t1; REJ), indeterminate (IND), BKV infection, and leukocyturia (LEU). An independent pediatric cohort of 180 urines was used for external validation. Ninety‐seven patients aged 11.4 ± 5.5 years showed elevated urinary CXCL10/Cr in REJ (3.1, IQR 1.1, 16.4; P < .001) and BKV nephropathy (median = 5.6, IQR 1.3, 26.9; P < .001) vs. NOR (0.8, IQR 0.4, 1.5). The AUC for REJ vs. NOR was 0.76 (95% CI 0.66–0.86). Low (0.63) and high (4.08) CXCL10/Cr levels defined high sensitivity and specificity thresholds, respectively; validated against an independent sample set (AUC = 0.76, 95% CI 0.66–0.86). Serial urines anticipated REJ up to 4 weeks prior to biopsy and declined within 1 month following treatment. Elevated mean CXCL10/Cr was correlated with first‐year eGFR decline (ρ = −0.37, P ≤ .001), particularly when persistently exceeding ≥4.08 (ratio = 0.81; P < .04). Useful thresholds for urinary CXCL10/Cr levels reproducibly define the risk of rejection, immune quiescence, and decline in allograft function for use in real‐time clinical monitoring in children.

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“…UTI is defined as a significant bacteriuria growth of a single pathogen: At least 10 4 colony forming units (CFU) for catheter specimens and at least 10 5 CFU for midstream clean catch specimens) or 5x10 4 CFU and significant pyuria in a patient with fever or other clinical symptoms (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Recurrent UTIs are defined as repeated infections with a different pathogen agent, while relapsing UTIs represent repeated infections with the same pathogen (5)(6)(7)10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance patterns of urinary tract pathogens in children from Central Romania

Duicu

Cozea²,

Delean

et al. 2021

Exp Ther Med

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One of the most frequent bacterial infections in children are urinary tract infections (UTIs). In recent years, an increasing incidence of UTIs caused by resistant bacterial strains has been observed, especially with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae that represent about 15% of UTIs. A retrospective study was performed comprising 331 pediatric cases with UTI. Our study aimed to detect the resistance of the uropathogens to common drugs used in UTI treatment. High resistance rates have been recorded for ampicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), cefuroxime, and ciprofloxacin, among E. coli and Klebsiella. The multidrug-resistance (MDR) rate was detected in one-third of the uropathogens, among which more than half were isolated in patients with urinary tract abnormalities. Our study highlighted that nitrofurantoin, ceftriaxone, amikacin and carbapenem may be used for the empirical treatment for febrile or complicated UTI in children. This is the first comprehensive study that evaluates antibiotic resistance in UTIs in children, and their association with urinary tract abnormalities in Romania. As a result of this research, the protocol for initial empiric treatment of infants with febrile or complicated UTI should be modified considering a detailed and ongoing monitoring of local sensitivity of uropathogens to antimicrobial agents.

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Serum and Urinary MIP-1α and IP-10 Levels in Children with Urinary Tract Infections*

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Urine interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor β1 in infants with urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria

Urine interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor β1 in infants with urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria

Validity and utility of urinary CXCL10/Cr immune monitoring in pediatric kidney transplant recipients

Antibiotic resistance patterns of urinary tract pathogens in children from Central Romania

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