Seroprevalence and serovar distribution of Leptospirosis among healthy people in Vietnam: Results from a multi-center study

Tran, Van Dinh; Phuong, Le Thi; Thu, Nguyen Thị; Linh, Bui Kim; Than, Phan Dang; Quyet, Nguyen Tu; Dung, Luu Phuong; Phuong, Tran Ngoc; Hanh, Nguyen Thi; Hoang, Hai; Dương, Trần Như; Anh, Đặng Đức

doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100700

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(36 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Leptospira seroprevalence varied significantly: from 5.5% in Can Tho City, to 9.0% in Thai Binh, and 14% in Ha Tinh province. The highest rate of Leptospira seroprevalence, 63.2%, was found in farmers [79]. The seropositivity in Vietnam seemed rather low compared to other Southeast Asian countries.…”

Section: Leptospirosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…However, the difference may be related to the choice of humans under study. The difference in prevalence might be due to the fact that in Malaysia the occupationally high-risk group was examined, while in Vietnam they "randomly" selected healthy residents aged above four, and the highest rate of seroprevalence to Leptospira (63.2%) was revealed in farmers [79].…”

Section: Leptospirosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Leptospirosis in Vietnam

Токаревич

Blinova

2022

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Leptospirosis poses a serious public health problem in many countries because about 1 million people suffer annually from this severe, often fatal, infection. At present, its importance has been increasing due to development of integration processes, globalization and intensification of economic activities, inevitable anthropogenic transformation of landscapes as well as rise in number of people with occupational risk of pathogen exposure. The burden of human leptospirosis is expected to rise with demographic shifts and climate change that result in heavy rainfall and flooding. Regarding leptospirosis, Southeast Asia, including Vietnam, is among the most vulnerable global regions. The objective of the review was to analyze available published data on the spread of leptospirosis in Vietnam. More than 100 research articles were analyzed allowing to state that in Vietnam synanthropic rodents (rats), agricultural (buffaloes, cattle, pigs) and domestic animals (cats, dogs) are the main sources of leptospirosis infection in humans. It is essential that rats (cats and dogs also) in Vietnam are used for food. Among all farm animals, pigs are of maximal importance as a source of infection in humans. In Vietnam, Leptospira prevalence in pigs varies widely, up to 73%. It depends significantly on the location, farm size, age and gender of animals, etc. A large variety of Leptospira serovars have been identified in pigs in Vietnam: Tarassovi, Bratislava, Australis, Javanica, Autumnalis, Grippotyphosa, and some others. Official Vietnam reporting of leptospirosis cases based on clinical data does not reflect the real-life incidence rate in humans. However, the available seroprevalence studies reveal that, on average, about 10% of the Vietnamese population are infected with Leptospira. Work in agriculture is the dominant risk factor for acquiring this infection. The highest Leptospira seroprevalence rates were detected in farmers, 63.2%. Serovar diversity is typical for pathogenic Leptospira circulating in Vietnam. In humans, the most frequent are antibodies to Hebdomadis, Wolffi and Icterohaemorrhagiae, but the frequency varied markedly across the country depending on the site, possibly with relation to the environment, as well as with economic activity of the local population. In Vietnam, geographic, climatic and social differences between northern, central and southern regions contribute to the specificity of local leptospirosis epidemiology. This emphasizes the advisability of developing special measures for leptospirosis prevention taking into account regional peculiarities.

show abstract

Section: Leptospirosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Leptospirosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospirosis in Vietnam

Токаревич

Blinova

2022

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The previous studies indicated pigs and cats as reservoirs of Leptospira throughout the world and Vietnam [ 40 – 44 ]. Various serovars, such as Castellonis and Patoc, Tarassovi Mitis, Australis, Javanica, and Autumnalis in swine; and Javanica, Louisiana, Hebdomadis, and Castellonis in cats, were also found in Leptospira patients [ 21 , 45 – 47 ]. Our study found no association between the risk of leptospirosis and exposure with cattle, dogs, and rats, which was slightly different from previous knowledge, such as studies in Canada, Brazil found frequent and close rat exposure, particularly Norway rats, increased risk of infection, while serovars found in rodents and strain typing confirmed rodents as reservoirs for human leptospirosis studies in Italy, Southeast Asia [ 35 , 48 – 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Leptospirosis is a neglected disease in Vietnam. Until now, there has been limited knowledge about risk factors of this disease in Vietnam. The study was carried out to identify agricultural and behavioral factors associated with the transmission of leptospirosis in Vietnam. Methods This matched retrospective hospital-community-based case–control study was conducted from 1 October 2018 to 31 October 2019. We recruited cases from 11 selected government hospitals in three provinces of Vietnam, while controls were selected from the same communes of cases and matched by age (± 2 years) and sex. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were applied to determine confirmed cases, while only MAT was used to identify controls with a single high MAT titer < 1:100. Results 504 participants (252 cases and 252 controls) were identified. Cultivating (OR 2.83, CI 1.38–5.79), animal farming (OR 8.26, CI 2.24–30.52), pig owners (OR 10.48, CI 5.05–21.73), cat owners (OR 2.62, CI 1.49–4.61) and drinking unboiled water (OR 1.72, CI 1.14 –2.59, p = 0.010) were significantly associated with human leptospirosis in Vietnam. Hand washing after farming/ gardening (OR 0.57, CI 0.38–0.86, p = 0.007) and bathing after farming, gardening, contact with cattle and poultry (OR 0.33, CI 0.19–0.58, p = 0.000) were determined as protective factors for this disease. Conclusions In short, the case–control study has revealed the risks in agricultural and animal practices and protective behavioral factors related to human leptospirosis in Vietnam. The findings suggested promotion of communication and health education programs targeting health behaviors in daily life and agricultural practices. Using personal protective equipment such as gowns, gloves, and boots during agricultural practices, especially cultivating and animal farming, is most recommended.

show abstract

Seroprevalence and serovar distribution of Leptospirosis among healthy people in Vietnam: Results from a multi-center study

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Leptospirosis in Vietnam

Leptospirosis in Vietnam

A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About