Serological survey for <i>Brucella</i> antibodies in feral pigs from eastern Australia

Mason, R.; Fleming, Peter J. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1999.tb10276.x

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, in the current study B suis was present at a higher true prevalence (10.5 per cent) than previous Australian studies (4.1 per cent, Pavlov 1991; 1.9 per cent, CI 0.3 per cent to 9.8 per cent, Mason and Fleming 1999). These studies did, however, sample more isolated areas of Australia, and were not selected for their proximity to agricultural premises or urban centres where pathogen transmission risk to commercial pigs is greater.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Pathogen presence in feral pigs and their movement around two commercial piggeries in Queensland, Australia

et al. 2014

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Feral pigs are wild animal reservoirs of infectious pathogens transmissible to other species, all of which are transmissible to domestic pigs. The objective of this study was to detect the presence of harmful production-limiting pathogens; Brucella suis, Leptospira species, Lawsonia intracellularis, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in a feral pig population within a 10 km radius of two large-scale commercial piggeries in Southern Queensland, Australia. The movement pattern of six pigs within the feral population was also investigated using geographic positioning system collars. All pathogens were present in the feral pig population except for A pleuropneumoniae. The true seroprevalence (TP) from 83 serum samples was 10.5 per cent for B suis, 48.6 per cent for Leptospira species, 100 per cent for L intracellularis and 42.1 per cent for M hyopneumoniae. Of 72 lung samples, 27.6 per cent were positive for M hyopneumoniae. Serum samples from 86 domestic sows within the study region were positive for Leptospira species (TP 2.1 per cent), L intracellularis (TP 100 per cent) and M hyopneumoniae (TP 100 per cent). The majority of feral pig movement was within 5 km of the piggeries, with one approaching to 100 m of the free-range piggery. The presence of pathogens in feral pigs in such close proximity to commercial piggeries could pose a biosecurity risk.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Pathogen presence in feral pigs and their movement around two commercial piggeries in Queensland, Australia

et al. 2014

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“…26 Culture and PCR of B. suis was attempted to obtain conclusive evidence of the presence of the pathogen, but no positive results were obtained, which may be because only antibody-positive sera samples were cultured (not whole blood), and because the pigs concerned were not in a bacteraemic state at the time of sampling. 4,5 Much of this border between NSW and Queensland is open to feral pig movements either because pigs can be smuggled into NSW by hunters or because pigs are able to swim across the river components of the border, especially in isolated locations. 27 The positive B. suis samples also help to further explain the cases of brucellosis in dogs used for pig hunting, which occurred in the same region as the majority of B. suis seropositives detected in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swine brucellosis is caused by the Gram-negative aerobic coccobacilli B. suis biovars 1, 2 and 3. 4 It has been assumed that New South Wales (NSW) is free of B. suis infection, despite there being no major obstacles to incursions of feral pigs across much of the common border with Queensland. 2 The resulting illness can be severe and protracted.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Feral pigs are a major reservoir of B. suis in parts of Europe, North America, South America, Asia and Africa; 3 B. suis has also been reported in feral pigs in northern Australia, in particular, Queensland. 4 It has been assumed that New South Wales (NSW) is free of B. suis infection, despite there being no major obstacles to incursions of feral pigs across much of the common border with Queensland. In 2008, approximately 200 sera samples from feral pigs in north-western NSW were tested but found negative for antibody to B. suis.…”

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Detection of brucellosis and leptospirosis in feral pigs in New South Wales

et al. 2014

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The findings are the first tangible evidence that feral pigs in northern NSW harbour B. suis, providing a plausible explanation for recent human and canine cases of brucellosis related to pig hunting. The increased seroprevalence of L. pomona occurred in years preceded by flooding and rodent plagues, suggesting a potential for zoonotic infection much greater than previously realised. Advice to the community should focus on encouraging the adoption of improved hygiene practices during pig hunting and consideration of vaccinating livestock against leptospirosis.

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“…There is limited data about the prevalence of B. suis in pigs in Australia. Research suggested that B. suis infection in feral pigs was limited to Queensland (Mason and Fleming, 1999). However, recently it was detected in feral pigs from NSW with an overall seroprevalence of 2.9% (Ridoutt et al, 2014).…”

Section: Brucella Suismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, risk factors, and geographical distribution of zoonotic pathogens carried by peri-urban wild dogs

Harriott¹

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Established wildlife populations within peri-urban and urban environments provide an opportunity for the spread of zoonotic pathogens to and from human-associated environments. Wild dogs, including dingoes (Canis lupus dingo), feral domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and their cross breeds (hybrids) are common across the Australian mainland, and hybrid populations are particularly frequent within peri-urban environments. Previous studies have shown that wild dogs carry zoonotic pathogens of public health significance, however, data relating to peri-urban wild dogs has been limited to a few studies with a small geographical range and / or small sample size.To address the potential public health implications of peri-urban wild dogs, information regarding pathogen diversity, prevalence, risk factors and geographical distribution are required.To investigate the diversity and prevalence of zoonotic pathogens in peri-urban wild dogs, a cross sectional survey was undertaken. Utilising council management programs and private trappers, 201 wild dogs were collected for necropsy. Analysis of faecal and blood samples indicated that helminth parasites were common, detected within 79.6  5.4 % of wild dogs tested, however bacterial pathogens were much less prevalent. Echinococcus granulosus was the most prevalent parasite detected by necropsy, (prevalence 50.7  6.9 %). Hookworms were found to comprise the second most common pathogen of zoonotic significance with an overall prevalence of 28.8% ( 7.1%).Molecular characterisation identified the majority as Ancylostoma caninum. Several pathogens of zoonotic interest were not detected during the study, namely Brucella suis and Neospora caninum.This study provided essential baseline data on the prevalence of pathogens carried by peri-urban wild dog populations in north-eastern Australia, which is required to inform the management of wild dogs in peri-urban areas.Characteristics of the most prevalent parasitic pathogens and their lifecycles suggested possible associations between the diet composition of wild dogs and their infection status. Whole stomachs were collected during necropsy and analysed for dietary composition and biomass. The majority of food items detected were mammalian prey species, most commonly: swamp wallaby (20.6  6.08%); canine species (prey) (10.6  4.62%); eastern grey kangaroo (10.0  4.51 %); and deer species (10.0  4.51%). Wild dogs that consumed swamp wallaby (OR 1.79, p<0.05) or unidentified species of macropods (OR 4.18, p<0.01) were found to be significantly more likely to be infected with E. granulosus than dogs who had consumed non-macropod species. Wild dogs that had consumed various bird (OR 7.80, p<0.01) or bandicoot species (OR 3.09, p<0.01) were found to be significantly more likely to be infected with hookworm compared to dogs that had consumed ii macropods. These findings suggest that diet composition is an important contributing factor to the infection status of wild dogs.To explore the geographical distribution of pathogens a...

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Serological survey for Brucella antibodies in feral pigs from eastern Australia

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Pathogen presence in feral pigs and their movement around two commercial piggeries in Queensland, Australia

Pathogen presence in feral pigs and their movement around two commercial piggeries in Queensland, Australia

Detection of brucellosis and leptospirosis in feral pigs in New South Wales

Prevalence, risk factors, and geographical distribution of zoonotic pathogens carried by peri-urban wild dogs

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