“…Furthermore, other endoscopic-based diagnostic tests (such as histology, Gram stain or culture) (7) have also been reported to have low sensitivity in patients with bleeding ulcer (17,19,20), suggesting that non-invasive methods, such as serology or urea breath test, should be used to identify H. pylori infection in these patients (24,25). Nevertheless, some studies suggest that serologic methods are less accurate in patients treated with NSAIDs (26,27), which is the case in most patients with UGIB. Some authors have reported a low sensitivity of histological methods in patients with UGIB (17,19,20,28).…”