Separation of Type I and III Isomers of Copro- and Uroporphyrins Using Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis

Separation of porphyrin-based photosensitizer isomers by laser-induced fluorescence capillary electrophoresis

“…Due to significant improvements in separation resolution and low sample cost of CE, it has become increasingly popular and has been recognized as one of the most effective techniques for porphyrin isomer separation. For example, the successful separation of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin isomers [22][23][24][25][26], polyhematoporphyrin oligomers [27], photofrin oligomers [28,29], cationic porphyrin atropisomers [30], and benzoporphyrin mono-and diacid enantiomers and regioisomers [31] shows the effectiveness of this technique.…”

Direct assay of uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin in human urine by reverse-mode field amplified sample injection-sweeping and micellar electrokinetic chromatography

“…Finally, the sample separation is carried out in the mode of MEKC. This technique combining the stacking strategy of FASI [28,29] and sweeping [33,34] could greatly enhance the detection sensitivity, due to the anionic compound would stop in the low pH buffer and thus could be exhaustively injected. Additionally, the EOF in the reverse mode would effectively exclude the interferences.…”

“…The various analytical tools for analyzing uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin have been developed, such as high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) [17][18][19][20], liquid chromatography (LC) [21,22] and capillary electrophoresis (CE) [6,[23][24][25][26][27][28]. However, the prior analysis methods had complex pretreatment and long analytical time.…”

Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry of haem biosynthetic intermediates: a review

“…resolution of type I-IV isomers of coproporphyrin was achieved using MECC with bile salt micellar solution and triton micelles (Wu et al, 1994b). Coproporphyrin I and III isomers have been resolved by MECC using sodium cholate, sodium chloride and acetonitrile with surfactant solutions (So et al, 2001;Li and Cai, 2008;Li et al, 2005), while uroporphyrin I and III and coproporphyrin I and III have been resolved using affinity capillary electrophoresis with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and phosphate as electrolyte (Barker et al, 1993). Coproporphyrin I and III were also resolved using SDS together with BSA as running buffer (Wu et al, 1994a).…”