Sensors and Systems for the Detection of Explosive Devices - An Overview

Bielecki, Z.; Janucki, Jacek; Kawalec, A.; Mikołajczyk, J.; Pałka, Norbert; Pasternak, M.; Pustelny, T.; Stacewicz, T.; Wojtas, J.

doi:10.2478/v10178-012-0001-3

Cited by 93 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Due to use of many cameras the cost may be high. The mines or the metals explosives can be detected from the special sensors [3] which are hidden near the border. But the cost of such explosive detectors is very high.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guardian of the Line of Control

Kulkarni¹

2018

IJRASET

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Border security is very risky work to maintain the peace in the country and to prevent the enemies from entering the country illegally by crossing the border. This paper elaborates the solution by which the border security strength can be increased and the lives of the soldiers can be saved. This robot is based on the Raspberry Pi with different sensors for detection purpose and the camera is mounted on the robot for capturing the image of the suspect. Based on the input sensor the robot will move in that direction and will capture the image. After capturing the image , it will be attached to the message which will alert the control room nearby. Keywords: sensor, camera, image capturing and processing, robot design, alert message. I.INTRODUCTION Border security is always important to keep the country safe and save the people lives from the enemies. It is very dangerous for the soldiers to do patrolling near the border irrespective of the environmental conditions, surrounding conditions.In that condition also, they have to keep the border safe from the enemies. During past years, there are many instances are happened where the safety of the country and the lives of people living near to the border was in danger. In one of the instance, during patrolling near the border the soldiers were attacked by the terrorist group and in that attack, one soldier lost his life. So, it is very important to save the lives of soldiers and to detect the hidden terrorists near the border. But now technology is improving every day. Every day some research and innovation is happening around the world. So, this is the right time to adopt that technology and to use this technology to increase the border security strength. One of the technologies is Robot technology. Robots can be used for the improvement security and thus there are chances of increasing the border security. Robots can replace the soldiers. The multifunctional robots can be placed near the border for patrolling purpose and to detect the culprits near the border. Many countries have adopted this and started to use the robots in their force. The proposed method is alternative method for security purpose which can be implemented near the line of control. The robot consists of different sensors such as a smoke sensor, metal detector, PIR sensor and ultrasonic sensor. These sensors can be used to sense the smoke, metal, and movement along the border. Also, the camera is fixed on the robot which can capture the image of the culprit after detection. The main advantage of this project is its very unique design. The robot can move on the circular ring pipe which makes it different from the other robots.

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Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guardian of the Line of Control

Kulkarni¹

2018

IJRASET

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“…These systems not only require constant updates of their instrument libraries as the threat from explosives change, but also are designed to detect the actual explosive [3]. This coupled with the fact that many explosives have very low vapor pressures, makes their detection through the transfer of particles and/or vapors challenging and hence these instruments often lack sensitivity and/or selectivity provided by canines [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Canines like instruments must be properly trained to the ever evolving explosive threats, with required maintenance training sessions to maintain an optimal level of performance.…”

Section: A Non-contact Passive Approach For the Effective Collection mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, it is crucial to understand the importance of profiling explosive VOCs as numerous volatiles are present including plasticizers, phthalates (such as dimethyl phthalate, diphenyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and diethyl phthalate), 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2-ethyl-1hexanol (2E1H), and stabilizers (including diphenylamine, methylcentralite and ethylcentralite). It has been hypothesized that canines use the most abundant volatiles present in the headspace to recognize a substance and those chemicals define the detection odor signature for that substance [8,9,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: A Non-contact Passive Approach For the Effective Collection mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Non-Contact Passive Approach for the Effective Collection of Target Explosive Volatiles for Canine Training Aid Development

Cl¹,

Am²,

Pa³

et al. 2016

Journal of Forensic Science & Criminology

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The use of real explosive materials for canine training involves inherent dangers, toxicity risks exposure, and often limited availability of the training material all of which may affect the reliable training of canine teams. For this reason, the development of a training aid suitable for daily operations is beneficial to provide safe and effective explosive detection training that can provide for enhanced detection capabilities. This study presents a non-contact passive approach for the collection of target volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from real explosive materials to be used as potential canine training aids. This will also provide the ability for the creation of new training aids based on the rapid evolution of new explosive threats. Experiments were performed based on previously identified explosive signature volatiles such as 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2E1H), 2,3-dimethyl-dinitrobutane (DMNB), and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT). Composition 4 (C4) explosive material was used for the static collection of the 2E1H and DMNB, as well as single based smokeless powder for the collection of 2,4-DNT. The samples were collected in a controlled environment and cotton gauze pads were used as the collection material. A time optimization analysis was conducted for all three target volatiles in time intervals of ranging from 0.5 to 120 minutes. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) was used along with gas chromatographymass spectrometry/electron capture detection (GC-MS/ECD) for extraction and confirmation of target volatiles. The results show that collection of characteristic volatiles are obtained after 15 min of exposing the gauze pad to 2E1H and 30 min was optimal for DMNB and 2-4, DNT. Overall, the results demonstrated the possibility to perform static collection of signature VOCs from real explosive materials onto a gauze pad via a non-contact passive method for its potential use as effective canine training aid.

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“…Recently, more and more attention has been devoted to monitoring the quality of air [1] and environment [2] and to the detection of war gases and explosives by detecting their vapours [3,4]. In 2005 the Kyoto Treaty came into force, concerning the constraint of the emission of some gases (includingnitrogen oxides) into the atmosphere in order to restrict the greenhouse effect [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas sensors based on nanostructures of semiconductors ZnO and TiO2

Pustelny¹,

Procek²,

Maciak³

et al. 2012

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

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Abstract. The paper presents a resistance structures with sensor layers based on nanostructures elaborated on the base of TiO2 and ZnO. The structures were tested concerning their sensitivities to the effects of nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere of synthetic air. The TiO2 and ZnO nanostructures played the role of sensor layers. Investigations have proved that the elaborated resistance structures with TiO2 and ZnO layers are sensitive to the presence of NO2 in the atmosphere of synthetic air. The resistance of the structure amounted to about 20Ω in the case of ZnO structures and to about 200Ω in the case of TiO2 structures. The investigations confirmed that resistance structures with ZnO and TiO2, exposed to the effect of nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere of synthetic air changes their resistances relatively fast. This indicates that such structures might be practically applied in sensors of nitrogen dioxide ensuring a short time of response.

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Sensors and Systems for the Detection of Explosive Devices - An Overview

Cited by 93 publications

References 82 publications

Guardian of the Line of Control

Guardian of the Line of Control

A Non-Contact Passive Approach for the Effective Collection of Target Explosive Volatiles for Canine Training Aid Development

Gas sensors based on nanostructures of semiconductors ZnO and TiO2

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