“…Currently, in the Arctic, small lakes (surface area < 10 km 2 ) are abundant (Downing, 2010;Downing et al, 2006) and emit substantially more CH 4 per unit area than larger lakes (Bastviken et al, 2004;Cole et al, 2007;Juutinen et al, 2009;Wik et al, 2016), and seasonal variability in CH 4 emissions are influenced by energy input and organic carbon availability (Tan et al, 2015). However, climate change will lead to variations in heat balance, temperature profiles, and vertical mixing in lakes (Jankowski et al, 2006;MacIntyre et al, 2009;Hinkel et al, 2012;Butcher et al, 2015), causing many variations to both lake structure (Livingstone 2003;Coats et al, 2006) and CH 4 dynamics. Microbial production of CH 4 by methanogens is dependent upon anoxia, temperature, and the amount and quality of organic carbon substrates (Liikanen et al, 2003;Kankaala et al, 2006;Duc et al, 2010;Borrel et al, 2011).…”