Sensitivity Enhancement of Electrochemical Biosensor for Point of Care (POC) Applications: Vi Antigen Detection as a Case Study

Abstract

A novel approach for signal enhancement of electrochemical biosensors by incorporating mechanical vibrations has been developed. We report the electrochemical study of the ferricyanide and ferrocyanide Fe CN 6 − 3 / − 4 a redox couple, at room temperature (∼25 °C), under the effect of mechanical vibrations of different frequencies applied to the sensor, for sensitivity enhancement. The experimental results showed a sensitivity enhancement of ∼332% (from 3.125 nA μ M − 1 to 13.5 nA μ M − 1 ) at 88.75 Hz of vibration. This novel approach of signal sensitivity enhancement is also validated with antibody immobilization-based Vi antigen detection for typhoid assessment. The sensitivity enhancement up to ∼15% is achieved for Vi antigen detection under the mechanical vibration of 120 Hz. The sensor is fabricated using microfabrication technology. The vibration-assisted ultrasensitive biosensing platform is also prototyped as a portable and Internet of Thing (IoT) enabled device, suitable for point-of-care applications. Detailed features of the prototype along with the test results are elaborated in the paper.

Multifunctional Periodontal Probes and Their Handheld Electronic System for Simultaneous Temperature, pH, and Depth Measurements

“…Our handheld body system includes wireless communication for high mobility and compatible software to enable chairside use. [56][57][58] In addition, the microfabricated probe is built with biocompatible materials and shows a constant TCR value throughout testing without polymer film damage. In previous studies, we tested the biocompatibility of similar materials in primary mouse epithelial tongue cells and found no cytotoxicity.…”