Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate–lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

Opposite Effects of Flexible Single-Stranded DNA Regions and Rigid Loops in DNAzyme on Colloidal Nanoparticle Stability for “Turn-On” Plasmonic Detection of Lead Ions

“…Groundwater pollution by heavy metals and the resulting adverse effects to human and nature have become a problem of global concern. , As one of the most toxic metallic pollutants, for instance, lead ions (Pb 2+ ) can cause damage to the human central nervous system with long-term exposure. , The maximum allowable levels of Pb 2+ in drinking water set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are as low as 48 nM (10 ppb) and 72 nM (15 ppb), respectively. , By far, a number of methods for sensitive Pb 2+ analysis have been developed in the past decades, such as atomic absorption/emission spectrometry , and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry . These methods enabled by specific laboratory equipment are precise and effective but are limited to well-trained operators.…”

“…3,4 The maximum allowable levels of Pb 2+ in drinking water set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are as low as 48 nM (10 ppb) and 72 nM (15 ppb), respectively. 5,6 By far, a number of methods for sensitive Pb 2+ analysis have been developed in the past decades, such as atomic absorption/ emission spectrometry 7,8 and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. 9 These methods enabled by specific laboratory equipment are precise and effective but are limited to welltrained operators.…”

Significant signal enhancement of dielectric barrier discharge plasma induced vapor generation by using non-ionic surfactants for determination of mercury and cadmium by atomic fluorescence spectrometry

“…30 It has also been reported that low molecular weight organic acids present in solutions increased the vapor generation efficiency of solution cathode glow discharge (SCGD) plasma-CVG 31 and DBD plasma-CVG for Hg. As, 32 Pb, 33 Cd, [34][35][36] Se, Sn, 37 Ag 38,39 and Hg. As, 32 Pb, 33 Cd, [34][35][36] Se, Sn, 37 Ag 38,39 and Hg.…”

Determination of cadmium by flow injection atomic absorption spectrometry with cold vapor generation by a tetrahydroborate-form anion-exchanger

“…Methods in which quantification is by atomic absorption spectrometry with chemical vapor generation appear to be suitable candidates. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Cacho et al 3 first reported the determination of cadmium by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS); they used a heated quartz tube atomizer and sodium tetrahydroborate in DMF to generate a volatile Cd species from Cd diethyldithiocarbamate. Sanz-Medel and co-workers 6,8 showed that it was not necessary to use a heated atomizer since cadmium atoms are formed at room temperature.…”

“…Volatile cadmium species can also be generated by reaction with sodium tetraethylborate, 4,5 and several researchers have generated volatile cadmium species from aqueous media containing vesicles. [6][7][8][9] It has been found that thiourea and transition metal ions, such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, increase the sensitivity of the determination. [10][11][12] The sensitivity has also been increased by in-atomizer trapping of cadmium vapor [13][14][15] and by the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.…”