Semen characteristics of goats with subacute, acute and chronic besnoitiosis : research communication

Njenga, M J; Munyua, S.J.M.; Mutiga, E.R.; Gathuma, JM; Kang’ethe, Erastus K.; Bwangamoi, O; Mugera, G M; Mitaru, B. N.

doi:10.4102/jsava.v70i1.745

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The packaging of goat semen made in a 0.5 mL straw in association with the thawing rate performed at 55 ºC/7 s promoted higher progressive motility (P>0.05). These results agree with those found for dogs, in which an interaction between 0.5 mL straw with a thawing rate performed with high temperature (70 ºC/5 s) promoted the best post-thaw semen quality (Nöthling & Shuttleworth, 2005).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…In fact, for goat semen, different temperatures have been used in protocols of thawing by different authors (Tuli et al, 1991;Deka & Rao, 1987;Khalifa & El-Saidy, 2008;Sundararaman & Edwin, 2008). On the other hand, studies have demonstrated that a fast thawing rate results in better post-thaw quality when compared with slower thawing for stallions, rams (Watson, 1990), bulls (Pace et al, 1981), boars (Eriksson & RodriguezMartinez, 2000) and dogs (Nöthling & Shuttleworth, 2005). However, there is a plateau in the relation between thawing rate and sperm survival; nevertheless, by increasing the temperature from 50 to 70 ºC, sperm motility could not be further improved (Woelders & Malva, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For sperm morphology evaluation, 200 sperm cells from random fields were analyzed in Bengal Rose smears by light microscopy, under 1000x magnification. The total sperm defects were counted in 200 cells, in which acrosomal integrity was also evaluated (Njenga et al, 1999). For the evaluation of sperm membrane integrity, a hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST) was performed immediately after the collection of semen, using a sodium citrate and fructose hypo-osmotic solution (100 mOsm/L).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have been conduced to assess the influence of different packaging methods on sperm survival, using different thawing procedures for boars (Eriksson & Rodriguez-Martinez, 2000), fish (Richardson et al, 2000), rams (Paulenz et al, 2004), and dogs (Nöthling & Shuttleworth, 2005). For goats, however, the majority of the studies report the effect of different thawing rates or packaging methods solely and there is a lack of information regarding a possible interaction between these factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the interaction between straw size and thawing rate and its impact on in vitro quality of post-thaw goat semen

et al. 2012

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-The objective of this study was to analyze interactions between different straw sizes and thawing rates on the post-thaw goat semen parameters. Twenty-one ejaculates (seven per animal) were collected from three stud bucks by using an artificial vagina. After evaluation, the semen was extended in Tris-egg yolk-glycerol and packed in 0.25 and 0.50 mL straws, followed by storage in liquid nitrogen. Thawing was performed using two different rates: 37 ºC/1 min and 55 ºC/7 s.The interaction between the 0.5-mL straw and the thawing rate of 55 ºC/7 s promoted higher progressive motility. When the effect of straws alone was analyzed, it was verified that the use of the 0.50 mL straw promoted better conservation than the 0.25 mL one for progressive motility and acrosomal integrity, after the frozen-thawing procedures. Optimal results for progressive motility were achieved when goat semen was frozen in 0.5 mL straws and thawed in water at 55 ºC/7 s.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the interaction between straw size and thawing rate and its impact on in vitro quality of post-thaw goat semen

et al. 2012

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“…26,27 Localization of Besnoitia cysts in the parenchyma of the testis and epididymis and their adverse effect on the spermatogenesis and fertility of male goats have been reported. 13,23,25 The parasite causes heavy economic losses by reducing reproductive performance and damaging the skin with subsequent degradation of leather quality. 22,24,25 To the best of our knowledge, there has been no experimental study of the distribution and chronology of development and degeneration of Besnoitia cysts in goats or other host species.…”

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confidence: 99%

Histopathologic and Ultrastructural Studies on Experimental Caprine Besnoitiosis

Oryan

Namazi

Silver³

2011

Vet Pathol

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The distribution pattern and associated tissue reactions with progressive changes in Besnoitia caprae cysts were investigated in 6 experimentally infected 16-to 20-month-old male goats. Each goat was subcutaneously inoculated with approximately 13 Â 10 8 B caprae bradyzoites. The animals were examined daily for development of clinical besnoitiosis, and skin biopsies from distal parts of the limbs were taken at weekly intervals. At 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 365 days postinfection (DPI), 1 goat was euthanized. Samples were collected at autopsy from various organs for histologic and ultrastructural studies. No cysts were seen in tissue sections on 15, 30, and 365 DPI, but large numbers were present at 60, 120, and 180 DPI in the skin of the distal limbs, scrotum, and ears, with fewer in the tongue, palate, sclera, testicles, and spermatic cord. No cysts were seen in the lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, central nervous system, or lymph nodes. Cyst numbers peaked at 60 DPI, then declined from 120 to 180 DPI. Degenerated cysts were relatively rare at 60 DPI but more numerous at 180 compared with 120. A granulomatous reaction-predominantly characterized by macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells-surrounded each degenerated cyst. All goats showed testicular tubular degeneration with little or no spermatogenic activity. The sizes of cysts and their wall thickness, with the size of bradyzoites and some of their organelles, exhibited progressive chronologic changes.

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Ultrastructure and pathology of Besnoitia caprae in the naturally infected goats of Kerman, East of Iran

Oryan

Azizi

2008

Parasitol Res

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A disease with clinical manifestations of thickening and alopecia of the skin over the lower limbs, around the eyes, face, and nose, thickening and shrinkage of the scrotum, and presence of white granular cysts in the sclero-conjunctiva in goats in Kerman Province, were reported to the Pathology Department of Shiraz Veterinary School. Primary histopathological studies demonstrated an outbreak of caprine besnoitiosis in this region. To study the histopathological and ultrastructural features of the disease, samples were collected from various organs of the suspected slaughtered goats for further investigations. In histopathological studies, dermis and subcutaneous fascia covering lower portion of the limbs, skin over frontal sinus, ear tips, scrotum, eye lids as well as the eye's sclera, epididymal and testicular parenchyma, and their tunics were severely infected with Besnoitia cysts. Tongue, pharynx, prepuce and penis, deeper striated muscles, subcutaneous bone matrices, abomasum, esophagus, subcutaneous tendons, and periosteal surfaces of the limb bones showed lower rates of infection. Except the vagina and vestibule, no cyst was observed in other female urogenital organs, the central nervous system, intestines, heart, liver, spleen, and different lymph nodes. The host reaction to the cysts was variable, ranging from the absence of inflammatory cells around intact normal cysts up to infiltration of macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils, fibroblasts, and connective tissues around the degenerated cysts. Ultrastructural studies showed this coccidian parasite belonged to eukaryotic protozoa, and the cystic form had the typical feature of the Besnoitia spp. of the apicomplexa. This study showed that the organism demonstrated ultrastructurally minor differences with other Besnoitia species infecting other animal species.

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Semen characteristics of goats with subacute, acute and chronic besnoitiosis : research communication

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Assessment of the interaction between straw size and thawing rate and its impact on in vitro quality of post-thaw goat semen

Assessment of the interaction between straw size and thawing rate and its impact on in vitro quality of post-thaw goat semen

Histopathologic and Ultrastructural Studies on Experimental Caprine Besnoitiosis

Ultrastructure and pathology of Besnoitia caprae in the naturally infected goats of Kerman, East of Iran

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