Self-Assembled Degradable Nanogels Provide Foliar Affinity and Pinning for Pesticide Delivery by Flexibility and Adhesiveness Adjustment

Abstract

At present, it is highly important to develop a simple and compatible nano delivery system for pesticides for foliar application, which can improve their insecticidal efficacy and resistance to adverse climates while reducing the environmental risks. Polyethylene glycol and 4,4-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate are used as hydrophilic soft and hydrophobic hard segments, respectively, for polymer self-assembly and polyurethane gelation in a nanoreactor. The nanocarrier synthesis and the pesticide loading are realized by a one-step integration procedure and suited well for hydrophobic active compounds. Modifying the molecular structure of the soft segment can adjust the flexibility of the nanocarriers and result in viscosity and deformation characteristics. After foliar spray application, the foliar flattening state of the nanogels increases the foliar protection area by 2.21 times and improves both pesticide exposure area and target contact efficiency. Concurrently, the flexibility and viscosity of the nanogels increase the washing resistance and the retention rate of the pesticide by approximately 80 times under continuous washing. The encapsulation of the nanogels reduces the foliar ultraviolet (UV) degradation and aquatic pesticide exposure, which increase the security of λ-cyhalothrine by 9.33 times. Moreover, the degradability of nanogels is beneficial for pesticide exposure and reducing pollution. This system has simple preparation, good properties, and environmental friendliness, making the nanocarriers promising for delivering pesticides.

Near‐infrared chemiluminescent carbon nanogels for oncology imaging and therapy

“…2,3 On the other hand, combined with the comprehensive properties of hydrogels and nanomaterials, nanogels have aroused widespread concern in the nanomedical fields such as bioimaging and cancer therapy owing to their response to these physiologically related stimuli such as pH, temperature, ionic force, and redox environment. [4][5][6][7][8] Through electrostatic interactions, reverse miniemulsion, desolvation/coacervation, hydrophobic interaction, or cross-linking of monomers, nanogels can be easily entrusted with new applicability for imaging, guided therapy, triggered drug release, or hyperthermia by incorporating the monomers with other nanomaterials. 1,2,9,10 Among the spatiotemporal resolution bioimaging models, such as photoluminescence (PL), computed tomography (CT), and photoacoustic (PA) imaging, chemiluminescence (CL) imaging has been exploited as an ultrasensitive method for quantification and localization of chemical analytes in the living body due to their unnecessary autofluorescence interference.…”

“…On the one hand, smart nanogels with multifunction and novel properties can respond to diverse medically relevant stimuli like pH, temperature, ionic force, and redox environment, and so forth by changing their volume, refractive index, and hydrophilicity−hydrophobicity 2,3 . On the other hand, combined with the comprehensive properties of hydrogels and nanomaterials, nanogels have aroused widespread concern in the nanomedical fields such as bioimaging and cancer therapy owing to their response to these physiologically related stimuli such as pH, temperature, ionic force, and redox environment 4–8 . Through electrostatic interactions, reverse miniemulsion, desolvation/coacervation, hydrophobic interaction, or cross‐linking of monomers, nanogels can be easily entrusted with new applicability for imaging, guided therapy, triggered drug release, or hyperthermia by incorporating the monomers with other nanomaterials 1,2,9,10 .…”

Antibacterial activity of enrofloxacin loaded gelatin-sodium alginate composite nanogels against intracellular Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants

“…The prepared enrofloxacin-loaded gelatin-SA composite nanogels can enhance the antibacterial activity by improving the bioadhesion capacity of the enrofloxacin for SASCVs strain. This will increase the intracellular therapeutic drug concentrations and prolong the action time between the enrofloxacin composite nanogels and the SASCVs strain, which will be more conducive to killing bacteria [ 16 17 18 ]. More importantly, composite nanogels are safe and more efficacious because they are biocompatible and less degradable and toxic [ 19 ].…”

Design and Preparation of Avermectin Nanopesticide for Control and Prevention of Pine Wilt Disease

“…In 2019, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) ranked nanopesticides as one of the top ten emerging chemical technologies that could change the world [ 23 ]. By using the special properties of nanomaterials, the defects of traditional pesticides can be resolved in a targeted manner [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. For example, Shen used a novel carboxyl functionalized fluorescent star poly (amino acid) to deliver Bt toxin, which could reduce the resistance of pests [ 29 ].…”