Selenium intake reduces serum C3, an early marker of metabolic syndrome manifestations, in healthy young adults

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the associations between serum complement factor 3 (C3) and several anthropometrical, biochemical and lifestyle features in healthy young adults, emphasizing on the putative effect of selenium intake on C3 concentrations. Methods: This study enrolled 100 healthy young adults aged 18-34 years. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements and lifestyle features were analyzed. Fasting blood samples were collected for the measurement of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols and C3 concentrations. Nail samples were collected for the analysis of selenium concentrations. Results: Values of BMI (P ¼ 0.034), sum of skinfold thicknesses (STs) (P ¼ 0.021), body fat mass (BFM) (P ¼ 0.023), percentage of overweight subjects (P ¼ 0.007), serum triacylglycerols (P ¼ 0.012) and nail selenium (P ¼ 0.001) were significantly different between subjects above and below the median of serum C3 concentrations. The following correlations with serum C3 were identified tricipital ST (P ¼ 0.033), sum of STs (P ¼ 0.012), BMI (P ¼ 0.008), BFM (P ¼ 0.018), waist-to-height ratio (P ¼ 0.016), serum glucose (P ¼ 0.045), serum triacylglycerols (P ¼ 0.001) and nail selenium (P ¼ 0.006). Circulating C3 showed a positive association with several adiposity markers such as BMI (P ¼ 0.001), waist circumference (P ¼ 0.006), waist-to-height ratio (P ¼ 0.002), BFM (P ¼ 0.025), as well as serum glucose (P ¼ 0.027) and triacylglycerols (Po0.001), whereas nail selenium was a statistically significant negative predictor of C3 concentrations (P ¼ 0.018). Conclusions: C3 seems to be related with selenium status and several anthropometrical and biochemical measurements linked to metabolic syndrome in apparently healthy young adults. These findings suggest a possible role for selenium intake in the modulation of C3, whose assessment may be an early marker of metabolic syndrome manifestations.

A 3 years follow-up of a Mediterranean diet rich in virgin olive oil is associated with high plasma antioxidant capacity and reduced body weight gain

“…There are short-term interventional studies analyzing the effects of the Mediterranean diet on circulating oxidative stress biomarkers, but not measuring the TAC (Hagfors et al, 2003;Ambring et al, 2004;Zulet et al, 2008;Puchau et al, 2009). Moreover, this study goes further and analyzes the influence of this antioxidant capacity of the three nutritional interventions on adiposity indexes.…”

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity: A Novel Indicator of Diet Quality in Healthy Young Adults

“…Thus, we performed similar calculations using an FFQ that had been previously validated for estimating food and nutrient intake [22][23][24][25], including settings related to inflammation and oxidative stress issues [19,35,36,44,45]. Moreover, according to our results, the TAC intake was related to such food groups as vegetables, fruits, and legumes [43], which are among the most important contributors of dietary antioxidant nutrients or components [16] and dietary TAC values [27].…”

“…Thus, nail and dietary selenium have been involved in oxidative stress-related diseases in healthy adults [19,35,36], which highlights the putative relationships between disease development and antioxidant intake. In this context, many studies report the ability of the dietary intake to modulate antioxidant status after the acute consumption of antioxidantrich foods [37][38][39][40].…”

“…Clinically healthy subjects were enrolled as previously described [19] when they had no history of disease and did not take any drug on a chronic basis. In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki [20], after a clear explanation of the study protocol, all subjects gave written informed consent to participate, as previously approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Navarra (ref: 79/ 2005).…”

Total antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress after a 10-week dietary intervention program in obese children

“…Furthermore, it has been suggested that dietary antioxidant intake is able to protect against oxidative damage and related inflammatory complications [9,39,40,5]. Moreover, given that the concentration of a single antioxidant may not reflect the total antioxidant value of food, the concept of dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) has emerged [47].…”