Total antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress after a 10-week dietary intervention program in obese children

Abstract

Dietary and serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) are considered appropriate tools for investigating the potential healthy effects of dietary antioxidants consumed in mixed diets. The aim was to analyse the impact of a dietary intervention on macronutrient intakes and to evaluate the improvement on oxidative status after weight loss (WL) by 1 measuring dietary and serum TAC, and urinary F2-isoprostane levels as markers of oxidative stress. Forty-four overweight/obese children (mean age 11.5yr) were enrolled to undergo a 10-week WL program. They were dichotomized at the median of Body Mass Index-Standard Deviation Score (BMI-SDS) change, as high (HR) and low responders (LR) after intervention. Subjects were prescribed a fixed full-day meal diet, calculated according to their basal metabolic rate and physical activity levels. A validated foodfrequency questionnaire was used to retrospectively calculate TAC and daily nutrient intake. The HR subjects were able to reduce anthropometric indices and to improve lipid and glucose profile. They also significantly diminished fat intake (p=0.013).Moreover, baseline serum TAC values did significantly predict the reduction in urinary F2 isoprostane [B= -0.236 (-0.393 to -0.078); p=0.014] in the HR group after the WL program. Notably, changes in dietary TAC after the treatment were associated with a decrease in body weight after the 10-week intervention [B=-2.815 (-5.313 to -0.318), p=0.029] in the HR group. The -ΔSerumTAC/ΔDietaryTAC and the -ΔF2Isoprostane/ΔDietaryTAC ratios revealed that the relationships between oxidative markers and antioxidants dietary intake were more favourable in the HR than in the LR group. Conclusion:Our study showed that a 10-week WL program was able to reduce adiposity indices in obese children. Moreover, after the intervention changes in dietary TAC and WL were significantly associated. Our result suggests that specific food with a high TAC content (such as fruits, vegetables and legumes) could be recommended to improve WL.

Serum and gene expression levels of CT-1, IL-6, and TNF-α after a lifestyle intervention in obese children

“…The NUGENOI study (“ Nutrigenómica y obesidad infantil ”) is a not controlled clinical trial (NCT01329367) conducted in Pamplona, Spain, in 2009 by the GENOI group ( G rupo de E studio N avarro de la O besidad I nfantil ) as reported elsewhere . Fifty‐four obese children and adolescents (aged 7‐15 years old) were recruited and 44 of them concluded the 10‐week lifestyle intervention (drop‐out rate 18.5%) .…”

“…We estimated the energy expenditure using the Schofield equation (accounting for sex and growth) and taking basal metabolism into account. A moderate calorie‐restriction was calculated in proportion to children's obesity degree and trying not to interfere with normal growth . In any case, diets were not less than 1300 kcal or more than 2200 kcal per day.…”

“…The NUGENOI study ("Nutrigenómica y obesidad infantil") is a not controlled clinical trial (NCT01329367) conducted in Pamplona, Spain, in 2009 by the GENOI group (Grupo de Estudio Navarro de la Obesidad Infantil) as reported elsewhere. 19,20 Fifty-four obese children and adolescents (aged 7-15 years old) were recruited and 44 of them concluded the 10-week lifestyle intervention (drop-out rate 18.5%). 18 The main reason of dropping out was discouragement, social causes, forgetfulness, exam periods, and inability to be accompanied by a family member to dietitian's weekly visit.…”

Serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels are related to cardiometabolic risk and decreased after a weight loss treatment in obese children and adolescents

“…Fifty‐four subjects accepted to participate in the study, but only 44 completed the 10‐week dietary intervention (22 boys and 22 girls) completed the 10‐week dietary intervention . For this study, the final sample ( n = 40) was a subpopulation of NUGENOI project that completed the 10‐week intervention with available serum sample.…”

Vitamin C in the Treatment and/or Prevention of Obesity

“…Besides, low VC levels in plasma have been related with high central adiposity measurements, such as waist-to-hip ratio, in obese subjects (58,59) and with an increase in heart attack risk, especially in hypertensive and overweight subjects (60). Moreover, after a 10-wk diet program, a positive association between weight loss and the antioxidant capacity of the diet (that is, diets rich in fruits, vegetables and legumes) has been described (61). Furthermore, a wide body of evidence in humans has proven that VC supplementation induces beneficial effects related to a slight weight loss (62) and to lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms in T2D patients (63).…”