“…HL, composed of L-α-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and polyoxyethylene (23) dodecyl ethers (C 12 (EO) 23 ), are effective for inhibiting the growth of various cancer cells in vitro [6][7][8][9], in vivo [10,11] and clinical applications [12]. Recently, we have reported that HL composed of 90 mol% DMPC and 10 mol% C 12 (EO) 23 induced apoptosis in various cancer cells including NSCLC (A549, H460, H23 and H520) cells [9,[13][14][15]. Furthermore, HL-induced apoptosis in A549 cells was caused by the activation of caspases-3, -8, -9 and the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential [15].…”