Selecting drug formulation for the treatment and prevention of retinal disorders

Филиппова, О. В.

doi:10.32364/2311-7729-2019-19-4-211-216

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Их абсорбция варьирует в зависимости от других пищевых компонентов, присутствующих в составе еды, и может колебаться в количестве 5-50 %. Биодоступность каротиноидов также может существенно варьировать в зависимости от генетических или метаболических особенностей пациента [44]. Нарушение всасывания ксантофиллов при дисбиозе кишечника может привести к повышенному риску развития ВМД.…”

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Nutritional Supplements in the Prevention of Age-Related Retinal Pathology

Durzhinskaya¹,

Budzinskaya

2020

Oftalʹmologiâ

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Oxidative stress due to the imbalance in the production and detoxification of reactive oxygen species in antioxidant defence system of the body, as well as subsequent chronic inflammation, is believed to be associated with age-related eye diseases. Prevention of chronic degenerative diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and primary open-angle glaucoma are of particular interest. In the last decade, tremendous success has been achieved in the treatment of age-related retinal pathology. However, these treatments are expensive and require frequent monitoring and, in some cases, injections, which place a huge burden on both the healthcare system and patients. Consequently, considerable interest remains in preventing or slowing the progression of these diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown that diet is a modifiable risk factor for AMD, and nutritional modification with food antioxidant supplements is a particularly attractive method of prevention because of its potential benefits and relatively low cost. A large number of experimental studies, including clinical studies in animals and humans, have provided supporting evidence that antioxidant food additives inhibit the oxidation of macromolecules, as well as an inflammatory response that occurs in the pathogenesis of involutional retinal pathology, which ultimately inhibits its development and progression. This review discusses the role of antioxidant dietary supplements in the prevention of age-related retinal pathology.

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Nutritional Supplements in the Prevention of Age-Related Retinal Pathology

Durzhinskaya¹,

Budzinskaya

2020

Oftalʹmologiâ

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Nutraceuticals for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Formulation Optimization Focused on Safety

Pedanova

2022

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease, with oxidative stress as a main pathogenetic factor in the development and progression. Large clinical trials have shown that the additional intake of vitamins and minerals in high doses reduce the risk progression to advanced wet AMD by 25 %. Some of these powerful antioxidants are not synthesized in the human body and can only be obtained with food as part of dietary supplements. However, patients with AMD, belonging to the older age group, often have comorbid conditions, for which they are used to take appropriate drug and vitamin therapy for a long time, as well as they have malnutrition of varying severity. Additional intake of high doses of ophthalmic vitamin-mineral complexes can lead to side effects due to overdose and possible disorders of drug absorption due to concomitant pathology. The article presents the results of the AREDS 2 study and a number of other clinical trials that studied long-term intake of vitamins and minerals in dosages similar to the AREDS 1 formula, containing vitamin C (500 mg), vitamin E (400 international units), beta-carotene (15 mg), zinc (80 mg as zinc oxide) and copper (2 mg as copper oxide). The cited works show that long-term intake of high dosages of some vitamins in elderly patients with severe concomitant diseases and a history of smoking can lead to undesirable consequences for the eye and other body systems. Potential side effects include an increased risk of glaucoma and cataract, an increased risk of prostate cancer in healthy men, an increased risk of lung cancer in former smokers, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women with diabetes. Thus, high dosages of vitamins and minerals in nutraceuticals should be administered with great caution, and a reduction in dosages to the recommended intake rates when switching to long-term intake may be considered. One of the possibilities for increasing the bioavailability of active substances in the composition of dietary supplements can be a microencapsulation.

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Selecting drug formulation for the treatment and prevention of retinal disorders

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Nutritional Supplements in the Prevention of Age-Related Retinal Pathology

Nutritional Supplements in the Prevention of Age-Related Retinal Pathology

Nutraceuticals for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Formulation Optimization Focused on Safety

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