Seismic characterization of an active metamorphic massif, Nanga Parbat, Pakistan Himalaya

Meltzer, A.; Sarker, Golam; Beaudoin, B. C.; Seeber, Leonardo; Armbruster, John G.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0651:scoaam>2.0.co;2

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The extreme erosion is generated by the hyperactive Indus River that has generated deep-cut valleys around the syntaxis. The uparching and thickening of the Indian plate as shown in the section ( figure 5(b)) further corroborated the results generated by the micro-seismic surveys conducted by Meltzer et al (2001). They have also found a bow-like upward shape of seismicity following the antiformal arch at a shallow crustal level.…”

Section: Seismotectonicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Seismotectonics at the terminal ends of the Himalayan Arc

Mukhopadhyay

Acharyya

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2011

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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The Himalayan arc has an arcuate E-W trending geometry with reversal of trend at the terminal ends -Nanga-Parbat (western) syntaxis and Namcha-Barwa (eastern) syntaxis. Both ends are characterized by an actively deformed uplifted dome with its flanks bounded by active shear zones/faults that cause the majority of the seismicity. Compiled map data and seismo-geological depth sections around these two syntaxial zones have brought out active crustal structure and seismotectonic setup. The Nanga-Parbat syntaxis exhibits upward bending and subsequent thickening of the Indian plate with the cluster of seismicity along the NNE-SSW trending Raikhot fault/Diamer shear in its western margin and a comparatively less active Rupal-Chichi shear zone of N-S trend with diffused seismicity towards the east. The 2005 Kashmir earthquake is spawned due to interaction of the Main Boundary thrust and the Muzaffarabad fault. The Namcha-Barwa syntaxis displays a fault-bounded upliftment and thickening of the Indian plate where Canyon thrust marks the boundary between the Indian and Eurasian plates. The occurrence of the 1950 Assam earthquake in the vicinity of the eastern syntaxis is attributed to a regional right lateral strike-slip motion on the causative fault plane. The seismicity in the syntaxes is primarily controlled by strike-slip faults/shear zones along the flanks of popup antiforms.

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Section: Seismotectonicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Seismotectonics at the terminal ends of the Himalayan Arc

Mukhopadhyay

Acharyya

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2011

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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“…The fault plane solutions and concentration of earthquakes along the Raikhot fault support the hypothesis of upward directed mass flowage, uparching, rapid erosion by contemporaneous rivers and tectonic aneurysm of Indian Plate Koons et al 2002, and references therein). The uparching and thickening of the Indian Plate (as shown in the sections of figure 3(b)) is further corroborated the results generated by the micro-seismic surveys conducted by Meltzer et al (2001). They have also found a bow like upward shape of seismicity following the anti-formal arch at a shallow crustal level.…”

Section: Nanga-parbat Syntaxis (Zone C Of Figure 3(a))supporting

confidence: 88%

Seismic hazard assessment of Kashmir and Kangra valley region, Western Himalaya, India

Mukhopadhyay

Dasgupta

2013

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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A complete earthquake catalogue of the Western Himalaya (latitudes 30 N-36 N and longitudes 72 E-78 E) for the period of 1501-2010 has been compiled with earthquake magnitude computed in moment magnitude (Mw) scale. Pre-and early twentieth century records of earthquake damage have been documented from rare and out of print publications. Seismotectonics and seismic hazard for Kohistan arc, Kashmir-Hazara Syntaxis, Nanga-Parbat (Western Syntaxis), Karakoram and Himachal Himalaya are discussed with special reference to 1905 Kangra and 2005 Muzaffarabad earthquakes. Analyses of spatio-temporal variation in b-value from the region indicate significant precursor prior to the 2005 Muzaffarabad earthquake; progressive rise of background b-value observed and the main shock locates close to relative high b-value domains. Regions surrounding the location of the 1905 Kangra earthquake also display such high b-value for the period of 2005-2010 that calls for closer scrutiny. Temporal analysis of b-value from the epicentral block of Muzaffarabad earthquake clearly showed a high-low b-value couplet of 1.45-0.72, which may be treated as a typical precursor before an imminent large earthquake. Gumbel extreme value statistics indicate probability of occurrence of an event of Mw > 7.0 within 50 years in the region.

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“…The NPHM is composed of high-grade Precambrian basement gneiss that have been over-printed by Himalayan metamorphism and exposes tonalitic-biotite gneiss representing protoliths of Precambrian Indian basement. Geological and geophysical studies in this region MACKIE, 1997, 2000;KOONS et al, 2002;CHAMBERLIN et al, 2002;MELTZER et al, 2001) suggest the presence of fluids at $20 km depth and lower velocities below this massif. Rocks of the Precambrian to the Quaternary formation constitute the western Himalayas.…”

Section: Geology and Tectonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to this, several international projects (BELOUSSOV et al, 1980;KAILA et al, 1983;CHAMBERLAIN et al, 2002;MELTZER et al, 2001;ZEITLER et al, 2001) have been launched to study the Pamir, Nanga Parbat and Hindukush regions. Ni et al (1991) computed a 3-D velocity structure from the earthquake data, in the region of Hazara Syntaxis and Main Mantle Thrust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal Structure Along the Lawrencepur-Astor Profile in the Northwest Himalayas

Bhukta

Sain

Tewari

2006

Pure appl. geophys.

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During the Pamir Himalayan project in the year 1975 seismic refraction and wide-angle reflection data were recorded along a 270 km long Lawrencepur-Astor (Sango Sar) profile in the northwest Himalayas. The profile starts in the Indus plains and crosses the Main Central Thrust (MCT), the Hazara Syntaxis, the Main Mantle Thrust (MMT) and ends to the east of Nanga Parbat. The seismic data, as published by GUERRA et al. (1983), are reinterpreted using the travel-time ray inversion method of ZELT and SMITH (1992) and the results of inversion are constrained in terms of parameter resolution and uncertainty estimation. The present model shows that the High Himalayan Crystallines (HHC, velocity 5.4 km s )1 ) overlie the Indian basement (velocity 5.8-6.0 km s )1 ). The crust consists of four layers of velocity 5.8-6.0, 6.2, 6.4 and 6.8 km s )1 followed by the upper mantle velocity of 8.2 km s )1 at a depth of about 60 km.

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Seismic characterization of an active metamorphic massif, Nanga Parbat, Pakistan Himalaya

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Seismotectonics at the terminal ends of the Himalayan Arc

Seismotectonics at the terminal ends of the Himalayan Arc

Seismic hazard assessment of Kashmir and Kangra valley region, Western Himalaya, India

Crustal Structure Along the Lawrencepur-Astor Profile in the Northwest Himalayas

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