Crustal Structure Along the Lawrencepur-Astor Profile in the Northwest Himalayas

Bhukta, Subrata K.; Sain, Kalachand; Tewari, H. C.

doi:10.1007/s00024-006-0070-x

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Re-analysis of seismic refraction, wide-angle reflection and gravity data along the 270 km long Lawrencepur-Astor profile (from the Indus plains, crossing over the Main Central Thrust (MCT), Hazara Syntaxis and Main Mantle Thrust (MMT) to the east of the Nanga Parbat) in northwest Himalaya infers the High Himalayan Crystallines (HHC) with a velocity of 5.4 km/s over the Indian basement (5.8-6.0 km/s). The crust consists of four layers with velocities of 5.8-6.0, 6.2, 6.4 and 6.8 km/s respectively with the Moho dipping from 55 to 61 km northward indicating the subduction of Indian plate beneath the Eurasian plate (Bhukta et al, 2006).…”

Section: Crustal Structure Across the Hazara Syntaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismology in India

Sain¹

2018

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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The controlled source seismology (CSS), where artificial sources are used and near-vertical reflections, refractions and wide-angle reflections are recorded, has been a powerful tool for delineating shallow/deep crustal structures and subsurface features. Significant results, brought out from the vintage and new CSS data in the 21 st century, include geological/tectonic aspects of the Dharwar craton, Delhi-Aravalli fold belt, Central Indian Tectonic Zone, Southern Granulite Terrain, Proterozoic Cuddapah basin, Kangra fold-thrust belt, Hazara syntaxis in NW Himalaya, Chambal-valley Vindhya basin, Mahanadi delta and Bengal basins. These studies also provide useful inputs in understanding the genesis of 1997 Jabalpur and 2001 Bhuj earthquakes. Imaging sub-volcanic Mesozoic sediments, in which more than 50% of global oil is found, has been a challenge by routine geophysical methods. This problem has been alleviated by CSS experiments, and Mesozoic sediments below the Deccan volcanic rocks have been delineated in the Saurashtra peninsula, Kutch peninsula, Tapti-graben and Kerala-Konkan offshore regions, and Gondwana sediments below the Rajmahal Traps have been mapped in the Mahanadi and Bengal basin. Several approaches have been proposed for the detection, characterization and assessment of gashydrates from shallow seismic data. These have been applied to field data that has resulted into identifying gas-hydrates, a major future energy resource of India, in the Krishna-Godavari, Mahanadi and Andaman offshore regions. Gas-hydrates have been subsequently recovered by drilling & coring under Indian National Gas Hydrates Program. The prognosticated amount of methane stored as gas-hydrates within Indian Exclusive Economic Zone is so huge that only 10% production may suffice our vast energy requirement for the next 100 years.

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Section: Crustal Structure Across the Hazara Syntaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismology in India

Sain¹

2018

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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Simulation of Intraplate Stress Distribution of the Indian Tectonic Plate Using the Finite Element Method

Bahuguna

Shanker

2021

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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The intraplate stress field distribution is estimated by considering the isotropic elastic properties of the Indian plate using numerical analysis. In most modelling, the intraplate stresses are typically established on applying plate-driving forces to a homogeneous elastic plate. However, a tectonic plate comprises continental and oceanic lithosphere with sedimentary basins, cratons, and fold belts with varying significant differences in elastic properties, which likely affect the magnitude and pattern of stress and deformation. In the present study, the finite element method (FEM)-based software packages ABAQUS is used to simulate the intraplate stress distribution in the plate using a 3D mechanical model incorporating the elastic properties of the 19 geological regions of the Indian subcontinent and oceanic region. FEM models are validated with Indian plate fixed GPS velocities and found to be in reasonable agreement with the plate's velocity. This study can augment the interpretability of seismic and geological studies. Also, the model can be helpful to perform seismic hazard assessment (using the stress estimated with the FEM model), identify the seismically active zones and collect insight on active intraplate deformation of seismically active regions of the Indian plate by interpreting the strain rate, deformation rate and stress distribution data.

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