Seed germination of Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense Swartz.)

Abstract

ABSTRACT-Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense Swartz.) is a plant species native from Brazil and present in all Brazilian biomes. This species occurs in the Caatinga biome as a wild fruit that has broad utility and can generate income, as well as provide material for breeding. The objective of this work was to study seed germination of guava accessions collected in two municipalities in Bahia. Seeds imbibition curve was studied. Also, seed germination and seedlings initial growth were evaluated for 44 days on different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C), fruit maturation, drying, pre-soaking and priming. Seeds imbibition curve was triphasic in which lag-phase begun after 30 hours imbibition and lasted 256 hours. An effect of guava genotype was observed in seeds physiological quality. Temperatures of 20 and 25 °C were ideal for guava seeds germination. Seeds pre-soaking and priming techniques are feasible to reduce germination time and increase seedling performance.Index terms: genetic resources, Myrtaceae, vigor.Germinação de sementes de araçá (Psidium guineense Swartz.) RESUMO-O araçá (Psidium guineense Swartz) é uma espécie nativa do Brasil e presente em todos os biomas brasileiros. Ocorre na Caatinga de forma silvestre e é uma fruteira que apresenta ampla utilidade, podendo gerar renda além de fornecer material para o melhoramento genético. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o processo germinativo de sementes de quatro acessos de araçá coletados em dois municípios da Bahia. Foi estudada a curva de embebição das sementes, bem como o efeito de diferentes temperaturas (15, 20, 25, 30 e 35°C), estágio de maturação, secagem, pré-embebição e condicionamento osmótico na germinação, vigor e crescimento inicial de plântulas dos acessos de araçá. A curva de embebição das sementes se mostrou trifásica, na qual a fase-lag iniciou após 30 h de embebição e durou 256 h. Foi observado um efeito dos genótipos na qualidade fisiológica das sementes de araçá. As temperaturas de 20 e 25 °C foram ideais para a germinação de sementes de araçá. As técnicas de pré-embebição e condicionamento osmótico das sementes reduziram o tempo de germinação e aumentaram o desempenho das sementes.Termos para indexação: recursos genéticos, Myrtaceae, vigor.

SYNCHRONIZING THE in vitro GERMINATION OF Psidium guineense Sw. SEEDS BY MEANS OF OSMOTIC PRIMING

“…However, even showing good vigor, both accessions responded positively to treatments -1.0 to -1.5 MPa PEG 6000. The data corroborate those of Santos et al (2015), who obtained similar results for accession Y85 treated with -1.0 MPa PEG 6000 after one year storage at the UNEB GAB. Positive results with PEG 6000 have also been observed in works with other Caatinga plant species, such as Anadenanthera colubrina (REGO et al, 2007), Cnidoscolus juercifolius (SILVA et al, 2005), and Caesalpinia pyramidalis (ANTUNES et al, 2011), with the maximum and minimum potentials varying depending on the species and genotype (accession).…”

“…There was, therefore, an interdependency between the accessions and priming treatments for the evaluated traits. This performance has also been observed in other works, for accessions of P. guineense (SANTOS et al, 2015) and varieties of Solanum sessiliflorum (PEREIRA et al, 2012) and Stryphnodendron spp. (KISSMANN et al, 2010).…”

“…When comparing germination between accession Y85 seeds stored in the UNEB GAB for one year (SANTOS et al, 2015) and those stored for four years, we observed that the latter conditions maintain seed vigor and viability, as the P. guineense seeds showed similar performance after both storage times.…”

“…Doing so, it would enable further studies to be performed with the species, particularly approaching its unexplored potentialities. Santos et al (2015) studied seed germination of four P. guineense accessions from the UNEB GAB and obtained low and uneven germination rates. It remains unknown whether such unevenness is related to conditions and time of storage, or is due to intrinsic features of each accession.…”

“…(KISSMANN et al, 2010), sorghum (PATANÈ et al, 2009;GOMES FILHO, 2011), Caesalpinia pyramidalis (ANTUNES et al, 2011), Pinus bungeana (GUO et al, 2012), Cercis siliquastrum (HARONI et al, 2015), and Brazilian guava SANTOS et al, 2015).…”