Secure attachment and individual protective factors against internalized homophobia

Ingoglia, Sonia; Miano, Paola; Guajana, Maria Elisabetta; Vitale, Adriana

doi:10.1080/19359705.2019.1688746

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Attachment theory in adults [27] states that the anxious attachment style is based on a negative model of oneself and positive models about others [24], the negative impact of homophobia is known to be higher on men than on women [93,94], and lesbian women tend to be more resilient to homophobic experiences than gay men due to their increased social support [93]; this would suggest that, as an attachment style, anxiety decreases resources for same-sex attracted men to cope with homophobia, resulting in a more intense experience of internalized homophobia compared to women. The positive relationship between anxiety and internalized homophobia confirms the fact that individuals who do not accept their sexual orientation tend to display avoidance or anxiety (insecure attachment styles) [95], whereas the presence of secure attachment has been shown to increase self-esteem and resilience, thus decreasing internalized homophobia [96]. The low weight of internalized homophobia in both the men's and the women's models suggests that, for same-sex attracted individuals with high levels of sexual satisfaction and relationship satisfaction, as well as low levels of anxiety and avoidance, internalized homophobia has little relevance on sexual satisfaction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

An Explanatory Model of Sexual Satisfaction in Adults with a Same-Sex Partner: An Analysis Based on Gender Differences

Calvillo

Sánchez-Fuentes

Sierra

2020

IJERPH

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This study aimed to develop an explanatory model of sexual satisfaction in same-sex attracted individuals with a partner, based on personal and interpersonal variables. The participants were 410 men (mean age = 29.24, SD = 9.84) and 410 women (mean age = 29, SD = 8.57) who maintained a relationship with another person of the same sex. Internalized homophobia was considered as a personal variable, and as interpersonal variables, the dimensions of attachment (anxiety and avoidance), sexual functioning, dyadic adjustment, relationship satisfaction, the components of the Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction, the number of sexual costs and the number of sexual rewards were considered. The degree to which sexual satisfaction was related to these variables was examined separately, for both men and women, through multiple linear regression models within the framework of structural equation models. The results indicated that sexual satisfaction is associated in a negative sense with internalized homophobia, the number of sexual costs, anxiety, and avoidance, and in a positive sense with the remaining variables. Relational variables were more relevant in the explanation of sexual satisfaction. The clinical implications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

An Explanatory Model of Sexual Satisfaction in Adults with a Same-Sex Partner: An Analysis Based on Gender Differences

Calvillo

Sánchez-Fuentes

Sierra

2020

IJERPH

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“…It is hard to know to what extent conclusions drawn from heterosexual couples can be extrapolated to the development of romantic relationships between nonheteronormative couples. Attachment style has only recently been taken into account in research on the relationships and experiences of individuals and couples of nonheteronormative sexual and gender identities as well as their parents (Elizur & Mintzer, 2003;Fassinger & Mohr, 2003;Fontanesi et al, 2019;Ingoglia et al, 2019;Mcconnachie et al, 2020). In the context of the development of attachment in nonheteronormative relationships, emphasis is put on the importance of socio-cultural circumstances and their psychological consequences-namely, difficulties with self-acceptance, identity crises, sense of guilt, disorientation, loneliness, experimental engagement in heterosexual relationships, and minority stress (Bojarska & Kowalczyk, 2010;Iniewicz, 2012).…”

Section: Attachmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the context of the development of attachment in nonheteronormative relationships, emphasis is put on the importance of socio-cultural circumstances and their psychological consequences-namely, difficulties with self-acceptance, identity crises, sense of guilt, disorientation, loneliness, experimental engagement in heterosexual relationships, and minority stress (Bojarska & Kowalczyk, 2010;Iniewicz, 2012). At the same time, the authors emphasise the role of nonheteronormative individuals' personal resources as factors protecting them from the consequences of stigma, such as the secure attachment style and the associated self-esteem and psychological resiliency (Ingoglia et al, 2019).…”

Section: Attachmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humour Style, Identity, and Attachment Processes – An Analysis of Narratives from Nonheteronormative Parents Living in Poland

Kowalska

2021

PBE

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This article presents the results of qualitative research on the narratives of non-heteronormative parents living in Poland. The method of collecting data was partially guided interview. The parents were a couple of women (a trans woman and a cisgender woman) aged 40. The examined woman did not undergo a medical or legal transition. The women were married and raised their child together. The article presents an analysis of humor in the couple's narrative. The research was guided by the following research questions: In what contexts does humour appear? What styles of humour are present in the narrative? What function does the humour have? Which attachment style characterises the interactions between the partners? Which attachment style characterises the interactions between the parents and the child? What is the relationship between the development of the parents' sexual/gender identities and their process of forming bonds in the couple? It was shown that during the interview, the couple joked in three main contexts: interaction with the child, sexual and gender identity, and sharing of household chores. The analysis of the style of humor, the psychological functions of humor and the attachment style of the women was made.

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“…Some recent studies suggest that internalized homonegativity is influenced by romantic attachment ( Jellison and McConnell, 2003 ; Keleher et al, 2010 ; Ingoglia et al, 2019 ; Calvo et al, 2020 ). People with a secure attachment have positive self-other representation, and psychic and relational resources that can promote acceptance of one’s sexual identity and protect them from internalized homonegativity ( Calvo et al, 2020 ; Collins and Levitt, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Romantic Attachment, Internalized Homonegativity, and Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Lesbian Women in Italy

et al. 2022

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Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence (SSIPV) among lesbian women has been underestimated until few decades ago. While the association between romantic attachment and SSIPV has been widely demonstrated, mechanisms that mediate this association and the complex relationships between romantic attachment, SSIPV, and SSIPV-specific risk factors have not been adequately investigated to date. The current study assessed the influence of romantic attachment on SSIPV perpetration among lesbian women, exploring the mediating role of internalized homonegativity within this association. Three hundred and twenty-five Italian lesbian women with a mean age of 30 years were recruited and completed the following self-report measures: the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), the Measure of Internalized Sexual Stigma, and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale Short Form. The results showed a positive association between attachment anxiety, and general and psychological SSIPV perpetration. Similarly, attachment avoidance was positively related with general, psychological, and physical SSIPV perpetration. The association between romantic attachment, and general and psychological SSIPV was partially mediated by internalized homonegativity. These findings have theoretical implications and provide valuable information to implement services and interventions tailored for SSIPV, to date scarce and not effective.

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Secure attachment and individual protective factors against internalized homophobia

Cited by 7 publications

References 73 publications

An Explanatory Model of Sexual Satisfaction in Adults with a Same-Sex Partner: An Analysis Based on Gender Differences

An Explanatory Model of Sexual Satisfaction in Adults with a Same-Sex Partner: An Analysis Based on Gender Differences

Humour Style, Identity, and Attachment Processes – An Analysis of Narratives from Nonheteronormative Parents Living in Poland

Romantic Attachment, Internalized Homonegativity, and Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Lesbian Women in Italy

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