Secular trends and factors associated with overweight among Brazilian preschool children: PNSN-1989, PNDS-1996, and 2006/07

Abstract

the prevalence of overweight among preschool children in Brazil has increased dramatically over the past 17 years, and it was higher in the 1996-2006 period. Future strategies for prevention and control of overweight in public health should focus or intensify actions in communities that are characterized by the presence of the risks identified in the present study.

Maternal breastfeeding, early introduction of non-breast milk, and excess weight in preschoolers

“…, 23 This evidence of a direct association between the nutritional status of mothers and children in Brazil and excess weight have been published since the 1980s, when the National Survey on Nutrition and Health (PNSN), while studying children younger than 10 years, found that the risk for a child to have excess weight was 3.2-fold higher when the mother also had excess weight 24. Moreira et al25 also showed a high prevalence of excess weight in children associated with maternal central obesity and non-exclusive breastfeeding for a period shorter than 6 months.…”

Excess weight and factors associated in preschool of southwest of Bahia

“…A study carried out with preschool children in the city of Recife, Pernambuco found that overweight was more prevalent among children who received exclusive breastfeeding for less than four months (22.5%) than those received exclusive breastfeeding for four months or more (13.5%), (p=0.03). 3 A publication data of National Demographic and Health Survey of Children and Women 2006, included children with less than two years old and attending preschool, having not found association between exclusive breastfeeding for less than five months and obesity. 3,27 Other variable that show association with EW was to be singletons, with 3.33 times (IC95%: 1.44; 7.67) chances to have EW on studied group.…”

“…3 A publication data of National Demographic and Health Survey of Children and Women 2006, included children with less than two years old and attending preschool, having not found association between exclusive breastfeeding for less than five months and obesity. 3,27 Other variable that show association with EW was to be singletons, with 3.33 times (IC95%: 1.44; 7.67) chances to have EW on studied group. This results is consistent to anothers studies which also found more than risk of EW in singletons.…”

“…2 In Brazil, this panororama is not different, for the prevalence of EW in children increased 160% in 17 years, reaching the Northeast region of this country (20.6% for each year). 3 The EW in children is considered a serious public health problem, because leads to development of health problems (morbid conditions, lung diseases, as well as cardiovascular, endocrine, orthopedic and psychosocial ones). 4 Several studies showed that children who have EW evolve with the same nutritional disorder in adulthood and has a high risk to develop cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes mellitus.…”

“…4 Several studies showed that children who have EW evolve with the same nutritional disorder in adulthood and has a high risk to develop cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes mellitus. 3,4 For the etiology of EW in childhood, studies seek to elucidate the genetic, physiological, metabolic, environmental and behavioral risk factors involved in its genesis. 5,6 Although children live now in more "obesogenic" envioronment than they did in the past, not all children develop EW.…”