Sectional Anatomic and Computed Tomography Features of the Nasal and Oral Cavities of the One-humped Camel (Camelus Dromedarius)

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to provide a description of normal cross-sectional anatomy of the camel nasal and oral cavities using computed tomography (CT) and macroscopic cross-sections. Transverse images of two isolated camel cadaver heads were obtained by an axial CT equipment. Computed tomography scans were processed with a detailed algorithm using nasal and soft tissue windows settings and compared with the corresponding frozen cross-sections of the heads, to assist in the accurate identification of nasal and oral structures. In our study, nasal window provided excellent anatomic details of nasal conchae, bones and teeth; however, other soft tissue components of the nasal and oral cavities are better differentiated using a soft tissue window. These CT images are intended to be a useful anatomic reference in the interpretation for clinical CT imaging studies of the nasal and oral cavities in dromedary camels.

Macroscopic anatomy, radiography and computed tomography of normal paranasal sinuses of the adult one‐humped dromedary (Camelus dromedarius)

“…We didn't observe this organised division in the dissected dromedary's heads. According to Blanco et al., (2015), each sinus consists of a labyrinth of smaller spaces communicating with the nasal floor through small openings that we identified in the dissected heads.…”

“…The frontal sinus appears smaller than that of other domestic ruminants, it is divided into large compartments surrounding small compartments (Blanco et al., 2015). This division is similar but different from that reported in cattle and buffaloes.…”

Computed tomography and cross‐sectional anatomy of the head in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)

“…In this study, other paranasal sinuses, such as maxillary and sphenopalatine, were not observed. These paranasal sinuses were described for equines (El‐Gendy et al., 2014), camels (Alsafy et al., 2014; Blanco et al., 2014) and sheep (Awaad et al., 2019). The presence of air inside the nasal cavity generates good contrast in CT images (Probst et al, 2005; Mahdy & Zayed, 2020).…”

“…There are several studies associating computed tomography and anatomical sections describing the nasal, oral, pharyngeal and cranial cavities in the mammals such as in one-humped camel (Blanco et al, 2014), donkey (El-Gendy et al, 2014), Egyptian sheep (Awaad et al, 2019) and red fox (Mahdy & Zayed, 2020). The anatomy of the head and neck regions in the giant anteater been studied in some aspects, such as, for example, the anatomy of the masticatory system (Reiss, 1997;Naples, 1999;Endo et al, 2007), the shape and relationships of the hyoid apparatus (Borges et al, 2017), and morphology of the tongue (Casali et al, 2017).…”

Description of normal head structures of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) by magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and cross-sectional anatomy

“…In camel, there are few studies described the normal nasal and oral cavities by CT [ 15 ], normal temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by CT and MRI [ 16 ], normal brain and cranioencephalic structures by MRI [ 6 , 7 , 17 ], normal digits by MRI [ 18 ], normal carpus and metatarsophalangeal joints by CT [ 19 , 20 ], and normal head by CT [ 21 , 22 ]. To the author’s knowledge, there are no published data so far describing the normal MRI features of the mature camel head in comparison to their close relevant sectional anatomy.…”