Secondary User Access for IoT Applications in the FM Radio Band using FS-FBMC

Barlee, Kenneth W.; Stewart, Robert W.; Crockett, Louise H.

doi:10.1109/5gwf.2018.8517058

Cited by 3 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In our previous work, [17], a novel DSA-enabled radio design was proposed that could facilitate SU communication in the FM Radio band using a Frequency Spread Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FS-FBMC) technique. As no geolocation database existed for the FM Radio band, the radio was designed to be capable of scanning recorded FM spectrum signals, identifying available frequencies and developing a Non Contiguous (NC) channel mask that would allow the SU to transmit in gaps whilst protecting PU signals.…”

Section: B Proof Of Concept Su Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Building on our previous work [17] where the radio was proposed and a simulation model developed, in this paper we present a real-time, cognitive DSA-enabled radio transmitter PHY that is fully implemented and targeted to programmable SDR hardware. The transmitter PHY is tailored for the application and target hardware, with a custom FS-FBMC modulator architecture (and FBMC parameters) developed to meet the design constraints for ZynqSDR targeting.…”

Section: Related Work and Relevance Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 'maskGen' module initially developed in [17] is modified to support real time operation. It is shown to be capable of automatically constructing a subchannel mask complete with guardbands, based on detected PU activity, in a period of 320 ms.…”

Section: Related Work and Relevance Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further to the simulation-based quantitative and qualitative SU to PU interference investigations carried out in [17], an investigation is carried out using the targeted SDR hardware and a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) FM Radio receiver to explore the interference effects the FBMC frequency guardband size has on the quality of PU FM Radio signals.…”

Section: Related Work and Relevance Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DSA-enabled SU transmitter developed in [17] sees the 20 MHz-wide FM Radio band split up into a number of OQAM subchannels, such that 10 (overlapping) OQAM subchannels fit inside each standard 200 kHz wide 'FM channel', as highlighted in Fig 2. When the transmitter is activated, a channel mask (complete with guardbands to protect the detected FM Radio stations) is automatically generated by the 'maskGen' module, which is shown in Fig 3 (as part of the overall system design). This mask will contain x active, and M − x disabled subchannels.…”

Section: Su Access To Fm Band With Fs-fbmc/oqammentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Rapid Prototyping and Validation of FS-FBMC Dynamic Spectrum Radio With Simulink and ZynqSDR

Barlee

Stewart

Crockett

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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This paper presents the research carried out in developing and targeting a novel real-time Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) Frequency Spread Filter Bank Multicarrier (FS-FBMC) transmitter prototype to programmable 'ZynqSDR' Software Defined Radio (SDR) hardware, and introduces a series of experiments used to validate the design's 'cognitive' DSA capabilities. This transmitter is a proof of concept, that uses DSA techniques to enable Secondary Users (SUs) to access the band traditionally used for FM Radio broadcasting (88-108 MHz), and establish data communication channels in vacant parts of the FM Radio Primary User (PU) spectrum using a multicarrier modulation scheme with a Non Contiguous (NC) channel mask. Once implemented on the hardware, the transmitter is subjected to various FM Radio environments sampled from around Central Scotland, and it is demonstrated that it can dynamically adapt its NC transmitter mask in real time to protect the FM Radio signals it detects. A video is presented of this dynamic on-hardware spectral reconfiguration, and the reader is encouraged to view the video to appreciate the responsiveness of the design. An investigation into potential FBMC guardband sizes is carried out, with initial findings indicating a guardband of 200 kHz (either side of an FM Radio station) is required in order to prevent interference with the PUs. This paper also demonstrates the capabilities of the MATLAB R / Simulink R Model Based Design ZynqSDR workflow, and provides a case study and reference design that we feel other researchers working in this field can benefit from.

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Section: B Proof Of Concept Su Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Work and Relevance Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Work and Relevance Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Work and Relevance Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Su Access To Fm Band With Fs-fbmc/oqammentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Rapid Prototyping and Validation of FS-FBMC Dynamic Spectrum Radio With Simulink and ZynqSDR

Barlee

Stewart

Crockett

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Hardware software SoC co‐design analysis and implementation of MIMO‐OFDM for 4G/5G/6G eNodeB applications

Dessai,

Patidar

2024

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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With the emerging challenges for the data rate requirements of 5G/6G applications and reusing the 4G infrastructure for 5G, it is necessary to understand the System‐on‐Chip (SoC) platform‐based embedded co‐design and implementation of the programmable and reconfigurable MIMO‐OFDM system. For both uplink and downlink data transmissions, these applications require a larger data throughput as well as reduced bit error rates, latency, and increased spectral efficiency. This work describes the co‐design and development of hardware and software for the MIMO‐OFDM algorithms for 5G and 6G eNodeBs. An efficient design through computer architecture based on pipeline and parallelization using systolic and CORDIC has been applied for the IP development of the sub‐components of the MIMO‐OFDM systems. A Zynq platform with computing resources including PS, Mali GPU‐400, and PL is utilized to increase the data rate for MIMO‐OFDM system architecture co‐design and implementation. The architecture approach used in this work enabled a data rate of 10–50 Gbps and beyond reaching Tbps based on the system's programmability and reconfigurability with an efficient SoC platform design. The design platform provides a programming feature such as MIMO‐OFDM, OFDM, and MIMO without OFDM through software programming for the range of applications of the desired data rates. With 64‐QAM modulation, the three channels' observed performance in the predicted multipath channel velocity of 15 km/h for pedestrians, vehicles, and AWGN is seen in simulation. To reach the application clock frequencies, the device's PLL (ZUI7EG) upscales and downscales clock frequencies from 750 to 1600 MHz using a configurable register. When the system is configured to operate as MIMO‐OFDM or OFDM in order to get an execution throughput of 300 msec and a data throughput ranging from 71 Gbps to 1749 Gbps using 2 × 2/4 × 4 configurations. The device scalability depends on at present devices of advanced embedded reconfigurable architecture platform. Massive MIMO and multi‐user MIMO will be used in the future to increase throughput and data rates. Additionally, future work will focus on creating a MIMO‐OFDM hardware‐software embedded architecture and testbed to enhance implementation and verification of the vehicle and pedestrian.

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Spectrum Occupancy Model Based on Empirical Data for FM Radio Broadcasting in Suburban Environments

Chantaveerod

Woradit

Pochaiya

2021

Sensors

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It is well-known that the analog FM radio channels in suburban areas are underutilized. Before reallocating the unused channels for other applications, a regulator must analyze the spectrum occupancy. Many researchers proposed the spectrum occupancy models to find vacant spectrum. However, the existing models do not analyze each channel individually. This paper proposes an approach consisting (i) a spectrum measurement strategy, (ii) an appropriate decision threshold, and (iii) criteria for channel classification, to find the unused channels. The measurement strategy monitors each channel’s activity by capturing the power levels of the passband and the guardband separately. The decision threshold is selected depending on the monitored channel’s activity. The criteria classifies the channels based on the passband’s and guardband’s duty cycles. The results show that the proposed channel classification can identify 42 unused channels. If the power levels of wholebands (existing model) were analyzed instead of passband’s and guardband’s duty cycles, only 24 unoccupied channels were found. Furthermore, we propose the interference criteria, based on relative duty cycles across channels, to classify the abnormally used channels into interference sources and interference sinks, which have 16 and 15 channels, respectively. This information helps the dynamic spectrum sharing avoid or mitigate the interferences.

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Secondary User Access for IoT Applications in the FM Radio Band using FS-FBMC

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Rapid Prototyping and Validation of FS-FBMC Dynamic Spectrum Radio With Simulink and ZynqSDR

Rapid Prototyping and Validation of FS-FBMC Dynamic Spectrum Radio With Simulink and ZynqSDR

Hardware software SoC co‐design analysis and implementation of MIMO‐OFDM for 4G/5G/6G eNodeB applications

Spectrum Occupancy Model Based on Empirical Data for FM Radio Broadcasting in Suburban Environments

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