Second- and third- harmonic generation in single-walled carbon nanotubes at nanosecond time scale

Dominicis, L. De; Botti, S.; Asilyan, L. S.; Ciardi, R.; Fantoni, R.; Terranova, Maria Letizia; Fiori, A.; Orlanducci, S.; Appolloni, R.

doi:10.1063/1.1782255

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…In this paper, SHG in monosized ͑0.4 nm͒ and well-aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes ͑SWCNTs͒ is studied. Unlike earlier SHG experiments, studying SWCNTs in which the SHG was mainly due to surface anisotropies or local deformations in the structure, 4,5 the SHG signals observed in our experiments were associated with the CNTs' chirality and hence to be compared directly with theoretical calculations 1 of ͑2͒ for chiral carbon nanotubes. The totally parallel alignment of the SWCNTs in the sample enabled investigation of the SH's polarization and its dependence on the excitation polarizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…4 It follows that a macroscopic chirality must have existed in the sample, either from a breaking of the spatial symmetry of the CNTs or from an imbalance between the two enantiomers. In our case, there were several mechanisms which may have broken the spatial symmetry of the sample.…”

Section: ͑3͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In CNT materials, the optical second harmonics ͑SH͒ can be generated through surface interactions, local imperfections, deformation, or the macroscopic chirality resulting from the nonracemic assembly of the CNT structure. 4,5 Only those arising from chirality display the spectral feature characteristic of different CNT species. Second-harmonic generation ͑SHG͒ signals from chiral CNTs have been experimentally observed in bulk samples and thin films 4,5 in mixtures of CNT topologies and orientations, demonstrating the second-harmonic generating abilities of CNTs, whereas the anisotropy information in the SHG process may be lost in these samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 Only those arising from chirality display the spectral feature characteristic of different CNT species. Second-harmonic generation ͑SHG͒ signals from chiral CNTs have been experimentally observed in bulk samples and thin films 4,5 in mixtures of CNT topologies and orientations, demonstrating the second-harmonic generating abilities of CNTs, whereas the anisotropy information in the SHG process may be lost in these samples. In this paper, SHG in monosized ͑0.4 nm͒ and well-aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes ͑SWCNTs͒ is studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resonant second-harmonic generation in monosized and aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes

Tang

et al. 2008

Phys. Rev. B

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The magnitude and spectral response of second-harmonic generation ͑SHG͒ from 0.4 nm single-walled carbon nanotubes ͑CNTs͒ in the channels of AlPO 4 -5 zeolite is reported. The second harmonics ͑SH͒ was found to be polarized perpendicular to the tube axis and maximized by an excitation polarization at 45°to the tube axis. A SH resonance peak at 2 eV was observed, which corresponds to the lowest-energy excitonic state in chiral ͑4,2͒ CNTs. The second-order optical susceptibility ͑2͒ of the system was determined to be 10 −6 esu, which agrees with the large ͑2͒ predicted for small diameter CNTs. These experimental results suggest that SHG can be used to characterize the symmetry and chirality of CNTs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: ͑3͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resonant second-harmonic generation in monosized and aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes

Tang

et al. 2008

Phys. Rev. B

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“…[17][18][19][20][21][22] Guo e colaboradores 21 relataram recentemente um estudo ab initio sistemático de estrutura e propriedades elétricas de uma série de nanotubos de carbono, incluindo diferentes quiralidades e diâmetros. Os resultados obtidos, 21 dentro do formalismo da teoria do funcional de densidade (DFT), sugerem que tubos quirais de pequeno diâmetro (~5 Å) apresentam potencial para aplicação em NLO, como, por exemplo, geração do segundo harmônico (SHG).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo teórico de propriedades ópticas não-lineares de nanotubos de carbono de parede única quimicamente modificados

et al. 2009

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Estudo tEórico dE propriEdadEs ópticas não-linEarEs dE nanotubos dE carbono dERecebido em 29/1/08; aceito em 10/9/08; publicado na web em 2/2/09 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF NON-LINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES FOR CHEMICALLY MODIFIED SINGLE WALL CARBON NANOTUBES. Structure and first hyperpolarizability for a series of armchair a(5,5) chemically modified carbon nanotubes (CNT) were calculated at semiempirical and density functional levels of theory. The 4,4´-substituted stilbenes were selected as chromophore with substituents at position 4´ set to X=NO 2 , H, Cl, OH and NH 2 . The calculated values for static first hyperpolarizability (β) were almost linearly dependent on the electronic effect of the group X, increasing from NO 2 to NH 2 . At DFT level the effect of inserting the chromophore in the CNT surface was to enhance the β value up to 70% relative to the free 4,4´-substituted stilbene.Keywords: SWNT; NLO; ab-initio. introduÇãoDescobertos em 1991 por Sumio Iijima, 1 os nanotubos de carbono (CNTs) vêm sendo objeto de um extensivo número de trabalhos, sob diversas abordagens, tanto teóricas 2-4 quanto experimentais. 5-7 Tratase de uma forma alotrópica do carbono, na qual arranjos hexagonais destes átomos, com hibridização nominal sp 2 , se dispõem ao longo de superfícies cilíndricas de diâmetros da ordem de nanômetros e comprimentos da ordem de micrômetros.8 Podem ser observadas estruturas de múltiplas camadas concêntricas (MWNTs) ou estruturas de uma única camada (SWNTs), sendo que as extremidades podem ser constituídas por formas semi-esféricas (hemi-fulerenos), formas cônicas ou poliédricas.9 Para melhor entendimento das estruturas, utiliza-se um modelo no qual se admite que cada camada dos tubos corresponda a uma folha de grafeno envolta a uma direção axial. . As grandezas (n, m), denominadas índices de Hamada, definem a direção deste vetor, tomado em relação à folha de grafeno, podendo-se dividir as estruturas de acordo com esta direção em três tipos: armchair (n = m), zig-zag (n, m = 0) e quiral (n ¹ m) com n > m > 0. O vetor translação, ortogonal ao vetor quiral, indica a direção axial dos tubos, na qual as estruturas podem ser formadas através da projeção de suas respectivas celas unitárias. 10A busca de relações entre estrutura e propriedades tem sido significativamente avaliada para nanotubos de carbono, visando possíveis aplicações destes em diversas áreas da ciência.11 Um exemplo químico de relação estrutura-propriedade pode ser verificado na reatividade de tais espécies, que é dependente de dois fatores:12 ângulo de piramidalização (q p = (q sp -90) 0 , onde q sp é o ângulo compreendido entre um orbital s e um orbital p em um mesmo átomo de carbono) e ângulo de "falta de alinhamento" (missaligment) (ângulo entre dois orbitais p presentes em átomos de carbono adjacentes). Ambos os fatores variam inversamente com o diâmetro dos tubos e é esperado que tubos de menor diâmetro sejam mais reativos que tubos de maior diâmetro. Sendo as propriedades dependentes da estrutura, pode-se supor que a modificação raciona...

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Extreme Polarization Anisotropy in Resonant Third‐Harmonic Generation from Aligned Carbon Nanotube Films

Zhu

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess extremely anisotropic electronic, thermal, and optical properties owing to their one‐dimensional character. While their linear optical properties have been extensively studied, nonlinear optical processes, such as harmonic generation for frequency conversion, remain largely unexplored in CNTs, particularly in macroscopic CNT assemblies. In this work, w e synthesized macroscopic films of aligned and type‐separated (semiconducting and metallic) CNTs and studied polarization‐dependent third‐harmonic generation (THG) from the films with fundamental wavelengths ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 μm. Both films exhibited strongly wavelength‐dependent, intense THG signals, enhanced through exciton resonances, and w e found third‐order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of 2.50 × 10−19 m2/V2 (semiconducting CNTs) and 1.23 × 10−19 m2/V2 (metallic CNTs), respectively, for 1.8 μm excitation. Further, through systematic polarization‐dependent THG measurements, w e determined the values of all elements of the susceptibility tensor, verifying the macroscopically one‐dimensional nature of the films. Finally, w e performed polarized THG imaging to demonstrate the nonlinear anisotropy in the large‐size CNT film with good alignment. These findings promise applications of aligned CNT films in mid‐infrared frequency conversion, nonlinear optical switching, polarized pulsed lasers, polarized long‐wave detection, and high‐performance anisotropic nonlinear photonic devices.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Second- and third- harmonic generation in single-walled carbon nanotubes at nanosecond time scale

Cited by 44 publications

References 15 publications

Resonant second-harmonic generation in monosized and aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes

Resonant second-harmonic generation in monosized and aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes

Estudo teórico de propriedades ópticas não-lineares de nanotubos de carbono de parede única quimicamente modificados

Extreme Polarization Anisotropy in Resonant Third‐Harmonic Generation from Aligned Carbon Nanotube Films

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