Seasonal occurrence, removal efficiencies and preliminary risk assessment of multiple classes of organic UV filters in wastewater treatment plants

Hepatic oxidative stress biomarker responses in freshwater fish Carassius auratus exposed to four benzophenone UV filters

“…These findings demonstrate the apparent likelihood that BPs contained in PCPs might be emitted into the aquatic environment and persistent with a great potential for bioaccumulation through food chains (Gago-Ferrero et al, 2013). Thus, the occurrence (Liao and Kannan, 2014;Tsui et al, 2014), the degradation (Beel et al, 2013;Duirk et al, 2013;Yang and Ying, 2013;Ji et al, 2013;Laurentiis et al, 2013;Xiao et al, 2013) and, particularly the potential toxicities to humans and the ecosytems of these BP UV-filters have attracted widespread attention (Hofkamp et al, 2008;Downs et al, 2014;Paredes et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2015).…”

Acute toxicity of benzophenone-type UV filters for Photobacterium phosphoreum and Daphnia magna: QSAR analysis, interspecies relationship and integrated assessment

“…In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1), 2,2 0 ,4,4 0 -tetrahydroxybenzophenone (BP-2), 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxyl benzophenone (BP-3) and 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxyl benzophenone-5-sulfonic acid (BP-4) exhibit estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities (Kunz et al, 2006). Thus, occurrence (Liao and Kannan, 2014;Tsui et al, 2014;Tsai et al, 2014), degradation (Beel et al, 2013;Duirk et al, 2013;Ji et al, 2013;Laurentiis et al, 2013;Xiao et al, 2013;Yang and Ying, 2013) and, particularly, the potential toxicities to humans and ecosystems of these compounds have attracted widespread attention (Hofkamp et al, 2008;Downs et al, 2014;Paredes et al, 2014). Recently, BP-3 was found in nearly all urine samples from the U.S. and China .…”

Pharmaceuticals and consumer products in four wastewater treatment plants in urban and suburb areas of Shanghai

“…Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were considered as an important source of pharmaceuticals entering into the water environment. Thus, in the last decades, the occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals have been extensively studied (Castiglioni et al 2006;Huerta-Fontela et al 2008;Behera et al 2011;Sui et al 2011;Li et al 2013;Yu et al 2013;Tsui et al 2014;Guerra et al 2014). The results showed that the behaviors of the same pharmaceutical varied much in the WWTPs located in different cities or even in different regions of the same city.…”