Seasonal dynamics of nitrate and ammonium ion concentrations in soil solutions collected using MacroRhizon suction cups

Abstract

The aims of the study were to analyse the concentration of nitrate and ammonium ions in soil solutions obtained using MacroRhizon miniaturized composite suction cups under field conditions and to determine potential nitrogen leaching from soil fertilized with three types of fertilizers (standard urea, slow-release urea, and ammonium nitrate) at the doses of 90 and 180 kg ha−1, applied once or divided into two rates. During a 3-year growing experiment with sugar sorghum, the concentration of nitrate and ammonium ions in soil solutions was the highest with standard urea fertilization and the lowest in variants fertilized with slow-release urea for most of the months of the growing season. Higher concentrations of both nitrogen forms were noted at the fertilizer dose of 180 kg ha−1. One-time fertilization, at both doses, resulted in higher nitrate concentrations in June and July, while dividing the dose into two rates resulted in higher nitrate concentrations between August and November. The highest potential for nitrate leaching during the growing season was in July. The tests confirmed that the miniaturized suction cups MacroRhizon are highly useful for routine monitoring the concentration of nitrate and ammonium ions in soil solutions under field conditions.

An All-Solid-State Nitrate Ion-Selective Electrode with Nanohybrids Composite Films for In-Situ Soil Nutrient Monitoring

“…H 2 SO 4 (70%) was applied to the soil extractant for acidification (Supplementary Materials S3). Soil percolate samplers (19.60.23F, Rhizon, Wageningen, The Netherlands) with the pore size of 0.58-0.65 µm were used for the collection of in-situ soil solution [33,34]. The total-N (TN) soil concentration was determined with Kjeldahl determination (KJELTEC 8400, FOSS, Hillerød, Denmark).…”

The relationship between nitrogen fertilizer forms and meteorological conditions on nitrogen transformation in the soil and loss via volatilization

“…Saeed and Sun (2012) also suggest that the ammonification rate doubles with a 10°C temperature increase. The effect of meteorological conditions on the changes in N-NH 4 + content has also been emphasised by Kabala et al (2017). The correlation analysis of the data collected showed that the relationship of N-NH 4 + content with the multiple effect of soil temperature and moisture was strong (R 2 = 0.789 NH 4 NO 3 , P ≤ 0.05) and very strong (R 2 = 0.848 CO(NH 2 ) 2 , P ≤ 0.05).…”

Supplementary material to "Implementing the Nitrogen cycle into the dynamic global vegetation, hydrology and crop growth model LPJmL (version 5)"

“…where NC leaf,low and NC leaf,high are the lower and upper limits of N : C ratios and NC plant is the actual plant N : C ratio. The lower and upper limits NC leaf,low and NC leaf,high are derived from the TRY database (Kattge et al, 2011). Their reciprocal C : N values for each PFT are shown in Table 2.…”

“…The gross primary production (GPP) derived from the actual photosynthesis rate is reduced by leaf, root, and sapwood (for tree PFTs) respiration R leaf , R root , and R sapwood in order W. von Bloh et al: LPJmL -nitrogen version 2793 Table 2. PFT-specific β root based on Schaphoff et al (2018b) and minimum and maximum leaf C : N ratios based on the TRY database (Kattge et al, 2011) with data from Kurokawa and Nakashizuka (2008), Garnier et al (2007), Penuelas et al (2010a, b), Fyllas et al (2009), Loveys et al (2003), Han et al (2005), Ordonez et al (2010), Atkin et al (1999), White et al (2000), Xu and Baldocchi (2003), Freschet et al (2010a, b), Laughlin et al (2010), Niinemets (2001Niinemets ( , 1999, Willis et al (2010), Baker et al (2009), Patiño et al (2009), Pakeman et al (2009Pakeman et al ( , 2008, Fortunel et al (2009), Cornelissen et al (1996Cornelissen et al ( , 1997Cornelissen et al ( , 2004, Quested et al (2003), Sardans et al (2008b, a), and Ogaya and Penuelas (2003. The C : N ratios for C 3 and C 4 grasses and crops are based on White et al (2000).…”

“…Leaf N content is determined by photosynthetic potential and structural requirements and can vary within PFT-specific limits of C : N ratios. The PFT-specific range of possible C : N ratios is based on the TRY database (Kattge et al, 2011, Table 2). The allocation of N (N inc ) to plant compartments follows the allocation rules for carbon and ensures distribution between plant compartments as established with the relative ratios given for the C : N ratio of, e.g., roots in comparison to leaves (CN root / CN leaf ).…”