Sea Ice Motion in Response to Surface Wind and Ocean Current in the Southern Ocean

Kimura, Noriaki

doi:10.2151/jmsj.2004.1223

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We note that the anomalies move eastward at a rate of approximately 15 cm s À1 (Figure 2), consistent with the observed rates of sea ice drift for this region [Kimura, 2004]. Therefore, to isolate which processes are causing the seasonal ice anomalies, it is necessary to analyze the associated anomalies in the sea ice budget (Figure 3).…”

Section: Seasonal Climatologysupporting

confidence: 76%

The impacts of El Niño on the observed sea ice budget of West Antarctica

Pope

Holland

Orr

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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We assess the impact of El Niño‐induced wind changes on seasonal West Antarctic sea ice concentrations using reanalysis data and sea ice observations. A novel ice budget analysis reveals that in autumn a previously identified east‐west dipole of sea ice concentration anomalies is formed by dynamic and thermodynamic processes in response to El Niño‐generated circulation changes. The dipole features decreased (increased) concentration in the Ross Sea (Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas). Thermodynamic processes and feedback make a substantial contribution to ice anomalies in all seasons. The eastward propagation of this anomaly is partly driven by mean sea ice drift rather than anomalous winds. Our results demonstrate that linkages between sea ice anomalies and atmospheric variability are highly nonlocal in space and time. Therefore, we assert that caution should be applied when interpreting the results of studies that attribute sea ice changes without accounting for such temporally and spatially remote linkages.

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Section: Seasonal Climatologysupporting

confidence: 76%

The impacts of El Niño on the observed sea ice budget of West Antarctica

Pope

Holland

Orr

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…For time scales longer than the inertial period, when the Coriolis force is effective, the drift of sea ice shifts by 10°-30°from the direction of the surface wind (Thorndike and Colony, 1982). In the southern hemisphere, the ice drift shifts toward the left (Kimura, 2004). The observed 10°-20°leftward shift of the long axis from the right-hand perpendicular to the wind direction might be related to the drift shift due to the Coriolis force (Fig.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Ice‐band characteristics of the Antarctic seasonal ice zone observed using MOS MESSR images

Ishida

Ohshima

2009

Atmosphere-Ocean

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“…From this daily decrease in ice concentration and incorporating the effect of ice drift, the amount of sea ice melt is then calculated in the sea ice and ocean grid cell when heat flux is positive. Although the direction of the geostrophic wind is almost parallel to that of sea ice drift (i.e., within ~ −5 to +10 degrees), the commonlyused wind factor of 1.5% is not always applicable but rather has a range of ~ 1−2% for the entire Southern Ocean (Kottmeier and Sellmann 1996;Vihma et al 1996;Kimura 2004;Kimura 2007). The observed difference in the magnitude of sea ice drift derived by applying the 1.5% geostrophic wind factor compared to those obtained from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS data (Kimura 2007) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Surface Heat/Salt Fluxes Associated with Sea Ice Growth/Melt in the Southern Ocean

Tamura

Ohshima

Nihashi

et al. 2011

SOLA

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The sinking of dense water in the polar oceans plays a key role in global thermohaline circulation, leading to heat and material exchange between the atmosphere and deep ocean. This study provides the first surface heat and salt flux dataset for the Southern Ocean (including a treatment of sea ice growth and melt), based on heat flux calculations and satellite-derived sea ice data. The geographical distribution of annual net heat (salt) flux shows a distinct contrast: significant cooling of (salt release into) the ocean occurs in the coastal region, and net heating of (freshwater release into) the ocean occurs in the offshore region. The work tries a quantitative representation of heat and freshwater transport by sea ice formed in the coastal region to offshore. Since hemisphericscale heat and salt fluxes associated with sea ice growth and melt have not been estimated from observations to date, the present dataset will provide new information with which to validate coupled ice-ocean models while providing important boundary conditions for the various models. IntroductionThe climatically-crucial thermohaline circulation of the global ocean is largely driven by the sinking of dense water and its upwelling, and is sensitive to changes in the freshwater balance at high latitudes (Alley et al. 2003). The dense water is largely formed by cold and high salinity water (brine) rejection due to ice production in the sea-ice covered oceans. It is widely recognized that high ice production in Antarctic coastal polynyas is responsible for the formation of the Antarctic Bottom Water, which is the densest water mass in the world ocean and is the most important driver of the abyssal circulation. Antarctic coastal polynyas are formed by divergent ice motion due to prevailing winds and/or oceanic currents, with most of their area being covered with newly-forming and/or thin ice (Barber and Massom 2007). During winter, heat loss over thin ice is one or two orders of magnitude larger than that over thick ice (Maykut 1978), and is very sensitive to ice thickness. Thus, particularly high rates of ice production occur in thin ice areas including Antarctic coastal polynyas during austral winter.Sea ice growth, drift, and subsequent melt lead to redistribution of heat and salt in the ocean, and are thus important factors affecting the oceanic heat-and salt-balances and therefore thermohaline circulation. While some modeling studies have discussed heat and salt fluxes associated with sea ice redistribution in the Southern Ocean (Marsland and Wolff 2001;Stossel et al. 2002), heat and salt fluxes associated with sea ice growth and melt have not been well understood on a hemispheric scale. Most past studies have focused on estimating rates of ice production and associated heat and salt fluxes on local to regional scales (Renfrew et al. 2002;Williams and Bindoff 2003;Martin et al. 2007). In other words, there has been a lack of suitable surface heat and salt flux data from the ice-affected Southern Ocean with which to drive and valid...

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Sea Ice Motion in Response to Surface Wind and Ocean Current in the Southern Ocean

Cited by 54 publications

References 22 publications

The impacts of El Niño on the observed sea ice budget of West Antarctica

The impacts of El Niño on the observed sea ice budget of West Antarctica

Ice‐band characteristics of the Antarctic seasonal ice zone observed using MOS MESSR images

Estimation of Surface Heat/Salt Fluxes Associated with Sea Ice Growth/Melt in the Southern Ocean

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