Screening of Faecal Samples of Pet Dogs for the Presence of Canine Parvoviral Infection by using Haemagglutination Assay and Polymerase Chain Reaction Test

Abstract

Background: Canine parvovirus-2 causes inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract in dogs. Dogs from Mhow and Indore area suffering from symptoms related to gastroenteritis were investigated for the presence of Canine parvovirus-2 infection. Methods: A total of 50 faecal samples from dogs (33 male and 17 female) were collected individually in 5 ml of phosphate buffer saline solution in sterile containers. These samples were tested in haemagglutination assay using pig red blood cells for the presence of Canine parvovirus-2 specific antigen and in a molecular test, polymerase chain reaction, using primers to amplify Canine parvovirus-2 specific product of 681 base pairs. Result: A total of 5 faecal samples (10%) tested positive in haemagglutination assay indicative of presence of Canine parvoviral-2 antigen in the faecal material. Haemagglutinating titre for positive samples ranged from 32 to 1024. Only one faecal sample found positive in polymerase chain reaction test for amplification of Canine parvovirus-2 specific product. The results of the present study indicate presence of Canine parvoviral-2 infection in pet dogs suffering from gastroenteritis, however at a low level.

First Isolation of Highly Cytopathic Canine Parvovirus-2 on Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells from a Diarrheic Pet Dog of Indore in Madhya Pradesh and its Molecular Characterization as Canine Parvovirus-2a

“…In one of the previous studies, 50 processed faecal samples of diarrheic pet dogs were used directly without extracting nucleic acid in a PCR test (Kanesh et al, 2022) in which only a single faecal sample tested positive. So, these 50 faecal samples were sent to the Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD) at Place B for further confirmation.…”

“…The detailed history of the pet dogs used in the present study was published previously (Kanesh et al, 2022).…”

“…The extracted nucleic acid was used in one of the molecular methods, the polymerase chain reaction test to amplify the Canine parvovirus-2 specific nucleotide product (part of the VP1/VP2 gene) (Nandi and Kumar, 2010;Singh et al, 2015;Kanesh et al, 2022). CPV-2 Forward primers-5-GAA GAG TGG TTG TAA ATA ATA-3 and Reverse primers: 5-CCT ATA TCA CCA AAG TTA GTA G-3 were used to amplify CPV-2 specific 681 bp of product in the test.…”