Screening of cellulase-producing bacteria and their effect on the chemical composition and aroma quality improvement of cigar wrapper leaves

Li, Daoyu; Huang, Cheng-Yi; Mao, Yahao; Wang, Zhi; Yu, Jun; Yang, Chunlei; Xiong, Chunhua

doi:10.15376/biores.17.1.1566-1590

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Since the preparation environment of cigar tobacco leaves is relatively mild, a large number of active enzymes and microorganisms are retained after rolling (Hui-yuan et al 2022; Yao et al 2022). They can continue to interact with the chemical components of tobacco leaves during the aging process.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic insight into the microbial degradation of biomass and alkaloids in the aging process of cigar

Xue

Yang

Luo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The aging process is the final step in cigar production and plays a vital role in the quality. There are complex microbial growth and metabolism, enzymatic catalysis, and chemical reactions in this process. Among them, microorganisms function as a bridge between organic and inorganic contents. At present, we do not yet have sufficient knowledge of the evolution of microorganisms in the aging process of cigars. Neither are we clear about the mechanisms by which environmental conditions may impact the quality of cigars through the interaction of microorganisms and chemical substances. In this study, we used a metagenomics sequence-guided strategy to identify the microbes and enzymes involved in the degradation of key compounds, biomass and alkaloids, under different environmental conditions. The results showed that different environmental factors including temperature, humidity, aging cycle, and turning frequency resulted varied contents of total sugar, and alkaloids in cigars. Microbial communities showed significant correlations with starch, reducing sugars, total sugars and alkaloids. Vital species in the catabolism of starch (Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas sp. 286 and Aspergillus cristatus), reducing sugars and total sugars (Aspergillus cristatus and Nitrolancea hollandica) were identified. Corynespora cassiicola and Pseudomonas fulva were proposed to contribute to the degradation of nornicotine and neonicotinoid. Our work should deepen the understanding of microbial roles in cigar aging and provide a new viewpoint for applying specific microbial consortia to modulate the degradation of biomass and alkaloids in cigar leaves.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic insight into the microbial degradation of biomass and alkaloids in the aging process of cigar

Xue

Yang

Luo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mechanism of interaction between the above factors during the aging of the cigar has not been studied and only speculations have been made. For example, since the preparation environment of cigar tobacco leaves is relatively mild, a large number of active enzymes and microorganisms are retained after rolling (Hui-yuan et al 2022 ; Yao et al 2022 ). They can continue to interact with the chemical components of tobacco leaves during the aging process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic insight into the biodegradation of biomass and alkaloids in the aging process of cigar

Xue¹,

Yang²,

Luo³

et al. 2023

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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A significant distinction between cigar production and tobacco lies in the necessary aging process, where intricate microbial growth, metabolic activities, enzymatic catalysis, and chemical reactions interact. Despite its crucial role in determining the final quality of cigars, our comprehension of the underlying chemical and biological mechanisms within this process remains insufficient. Biomass and alkaloids are the primary constituents that influence the flavor of cigars. Consequently, investigating the entire aging process could begin by exploring the involvement of microbes and enzymes in their biodegradation. In this study, handmade cigars were aged under different conditions. Metagenomic sequencing was employed to identify the microbes and enzymes responsible for the degradation of biomass and alkaloids derived from tobacco leaves. The results revealed that various environmental factors, including temperature, humidity, duration time, and turning frequency, yielded varying contents of total sugar and alkaloids in the cigars. Significant correlations were observed between microbial communities and starch, reducing sugars, total sugars, and alkaloids. Key species involved in the breakdown of biomass constituents, such as starch (Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas sp. 286, and Aspergillus cristatus), reducing sugars and total sugars (Aspergillus cristatus and Nitrolancea hollandica), were identified. Furthermore, Corynespora cassiicola and Pseudomonas fulva were found to potentially contribute to the degradation of alkaloid compounds, specifically nornicotine and neonicotinoid. Our work contributes to a deeper understanding of the microbial roles in the aging of cigars. Moreover, the selection of specific microbial strains or starter cultures can be employed to control and manipulate the aging process, thereby further refining the flavor development in cigar products. Graphical Abstract

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Heterogeneity changes of active bacterial community on cigar filler leaves after fermentation based on metagenome

Yao

Ding

Zhang

et al. 2023

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Microorganisms play important role in cigar fermentation. To further explore the dynamic changes of bacterial community composition, the changes of surface bacterial diversity of cigar filler leaves were investigated in the present study by high-throughput sequencing technology. It was found that the surface bacterial richness was declined after fermentation, and the dominant microorganisms on the surface of cigar filler leaves evolved from Pseudomonas spp. and Sphingomonas spp. before fermentation to Staphylococcus spp. after fermentation. The chemical composition and sensory quality evaluation of cigar filler leaves were closely related to the changes of surface bacterial community. The changes of the dominant surface bacterial community led to the differences of metabolic functions, among which the metabolic pathways such as the synthesis of secondary metabolites, carbon metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis were significantly different. The results provide a basis for clarifying the roles of bacteria in fermentation of cigar filler leaves.

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Screening of cellulase-producing bacteria and their effect on the chemical composition and aroma quality improvement of cigar wrapper leaves

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Metagenomic insight into the microbial degradation of biomass and alkaloids in the aging process of cigar

Metagenomic insight into the microbial degradation of biomass and alkaloids in the aging process of cigar

Metagenomic insight into the biodegradation of biomass and alkaloids in the aging process of cigar

Heterogeneity changes of active bacterial community on cigar filler leaves after fermentation based on metagenome

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