Screening and risk factors for anal cancer precursors in men infected with HIV in Taiwan

Cheng, Shu Hsing; Chu, Fang; Wang, Chi Chao; Hsueh, Yu Mei

doi:10.1002/jmv.23825

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…The importance of anal HPV52 infection in Taiwan might be worth further investigation. MSM and increased numbers of acquired high-risk HPV types were found to significantly increase the risk for anal atypical squamous lesions in recent reports 19,21,28,29 . On the other hand, a meta-analysis suggested that HPV16 infection, but not the number of acquired high-risk HPV types was associated with increased risk for anal cancer 7 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The study was conducted in a large medical center which provides substantial healthcare for HIV-seropositives as well as pre-or post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-seronegatives. Because MSM are considered as a high risk group for HIV infection 20,21 , the participants enrolled in this study should be representative of most of the MSM in northern Taiwan with considerable generalizability. This study showed that both high-and low-risk anal HPV infections were significantly more prevalent in HIV seropositives than in HIV seronegatives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, this study suggests that there is still a substantial proportion of MSM that may benefit from HPV vaccination. Therefore, increasing www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ awareness of HPV vaccines may be a practical strategy for prevention among MSM, as HPV vaccines have also been suggested for MSM in previous studies 21,32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anal human papillomavirus and its associations with abnormal anal cytology among men who have sex with men

Hang

Strong

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Human papillomavirus (HpV) infection contributes to most anal cancers and premalignant intraepithelial lesions. this study investigated anal HpV infections and cytological abnormalities among men who have sex with men (MSM). Sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behaviorswere collected by using a structured questionnaire. Anal cytological results were examined, and HPV genotyping was performed by the Linear Array HPV Genotyping test. Logistic regression was used to estimate risk factors and their associations with high-risk HpV infection and cytological abnormalities. Among 163 MSM, 101 were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 62 were seronegative for HIV. The overall prevalence of HPV was 66.2%. A total of 61.9% and 48.2% of participants had never acquired any of either the quadrivalent or nonavalent vaccine HPV types, respectively. Cytological findings showed 15.3% atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 16.6% low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 4.9% atypical squamous cells that cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and 17% high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. The number of high-risk HPV types was the predominant risk factor for abnormal anal cytology (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.27-3.24). Infection with high-risk HPV was a significant predictor for cytological abnormality. MSM should be encouraged to obtain the HpV vaccine.Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important cause of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide and is associated with malignant transformations in the squamous epithelium of the anus 1 . A rising trend in the incidence of anal cancer has been shown in recent years, increasing from 0.8 per 100,000 person-years in 1975 to 1.8 per 100,000 person-years in 2014 in the United States 2 . The development of anal cancer or pre-cancerous lesions is associated with one's lifetime number of sexual partners, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, receptive anal intercourse and anal HPV infection, particularly infection with HPV16 3-5 . Moreover, among individuals with anal cancer, nearly 90% of cases are attributable to HPV infection 6 . A recent meta-analysis also showed that the increased prevalence of HPV is associated with the severity of abnormal anal cytology 7 .The incidence of anal cancer among patients with HIV infection is much higher than among the general population (51.4 versus 1.2 per 100,000 person-years) 8 . HIV infection may attenuate the host's immune competence, which then worsens the control of anal HPV infections 9-11 . In addition, HIV seropositives have a decreased probability of clearing anal HPV infection and have prolonged anal HPV infections, compared to HIV seronegatives 11 . The persistent anal HPV infections have been particularly found in high-risk HPV types, which are the predominant risk factors for anal cancer 12,13 . Thus, HIV infection is considered one of the most important independent risk factors for high-risk anal HPV infection [14][15][16][17] .first amplified using polymerase chain reaction. Then...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anal human papillomavirus and its associations with abnormal anal cytology among men who have sex with men

Hang

Strong

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…More than 75 % of newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients were men who had sex with men [13]. A previous study of 130 HIV-positive homosexual men showed that 77 % had anal HPV infections [14], and another study revealed that 23.0 % of HIVpositive men in Taiwan had anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) [15]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies of anal cancer screening in HIVinfected Taiwanese men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Oncogenic human papillomavirus is not helpful for cytology screening of the precursor lesions of anal cancers in Taiwanese men who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus

et al. 2015

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“…In view of the increasing health burden of anal cancers in the HAART era, some researchers have performed anal cytology screening, similar to cervical Pap smears, for cancer prevention among men with HIV. In men with HIV, rates of abnormal anal cytology range from 23% to 74% [21][22][23]. Kreuter et al [22] reported rapid progression (median, 8.6 months) from high-grade anal intraepithelial lesions (HGAINs) to invasive cancer in a German prospective study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus infection and anal cytology in Taiwanese homosexual men with and without HIV infection

Wang

Chang

Chu

et al. 2019

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Anal cancer screening has not been adopted by Taiwanese care providers. The study aim was to explore the differences of anal cytology and HPV detection among men with and without HIV. Methodology: In this case-control study, men with HIV who attended one of the outpatient clinics of Taoyuan General Hospital were enrolled as cases. Men who had experienced condomless sex and tested HIV negative were enrolled as controls. Anal swabs were collected for thin-preparation anal cytology and HPV genotyping. Results: A total of 288 men who had tested positive for HIV and 208 who had tested HIV negative were enrolled; 75% of subjects with HIV and 30.3% of those without HIV had tested positive for various types of HPV (P < 0.001). Anal cell dysplasia, including atypical squamous cells with undetermined significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs), or atypical squamous cells cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H), were noted in 20.8% of men with HIV and 4.8% of those without HIV (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, HIV serostatus, history of sexually transmitted infections, having male sexual partners, and practice of anal sex were correlated significantly with detection of any type of HPV. Additionally, both oncogenic and non-oncogenic HPV types were significantly associated with anal cytology dysplasia. Conclusions: We strongly suggest that there should be awareness of anal HPV infection and related anal cellular dysplasia in at-risk populations.

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Screening and risk factors for anal cancer precursors in men infected with HIV in Taiwan

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Anal human papillomavirus and its associations with abnormal anal cytology among men who have sex with men

Anal human papillomavirus and its associations with abnormal anal cytology among men who have sex with men

Oncogenic human papillomavirus is not helpful for cytology screening of the precursor lesions of anal cancers in Taiwanese men who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Human papillomavirus infection and anal cytology in Taiwanese homosexual men with and without HIV infection

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