Screening and Assessment of Coronary Heart Disease in HIV-Infected Patients

Hsue, Priscilla Y.; Squires, Kathleen; Bolger, Ann F.; Capili, Bernadette; Mensah, George A.; Temesgen, Zelalem; Wanke, Christine; Wohl, David A.

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.189626

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In view of the population aging of persons with HIV/AIDS, prolonged use of HAART, long contact with the virus, and high prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in this population, several authors have discussed specific approaches to screen and diagnose cardiovascular diseases in persons with HIV/AIDS 26 . However, more research is needed to better elucidate the relationship between HIV, HAART, and cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in non-AIDS-related causes of death among adults with HIV/AIDS, Brazil, 1999 to 2010

Fazito¹,

Vasconcelos²,

Pereira³

et al. 2013

Cad. Saúde Pública

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in non-AIDS-related causes of death among adults with HIV/AIDS, Brazil, 1999 to 2010

Fazito¹,

Vasconcelos²,

Pereira³

et al. 2013

Cad. Saúde Pública

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“…Several prospective and retrospective registries have established this association [5]. In addition, there have been studies that have evaluated surrogate markers of atherosclerosis, including endothelial dysfunction, carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), coronary artery calcium, flow-mediated vasodilatation, and pulse wave Doppler [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Hiv and Coronary Artery Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early initiation of preventive strategies, including optimal management of traditional risk factors, forms the basis of clinical approach to such patients [1-3, 6, 13]. Whereas HIV patients have premature atherosclerosis, routine diagnostic testing of asymptomatic patients for subclinical atherosclerosis cannot be justified [6]. Guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia in patients with HIV have been formulated [1,3,6,13,48].…”

Section: Approach To Risk Stratification and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas HIV patients have premature atherosclerosis, routine diagnostic testing of asymptomatic patients for subclinical atherosclerosis cannot be justified [6]. Guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia in patients with HIV have been formulated [1,3,6,13,48]. An important consideration with regard to management includes obtaining a lipid profile prior to starting ART and within 3 to 6 months of starting a new regimen [48].…”

Section: Approach To Risk Stratification and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important consideration with regard to management includes obtaining a lipid profile prior to starting ART and within 3 to 6 months of starting a new regimen [48]. Although the Framingham risk prediction tool may underestimate CHD risk in HIV patients who smoke (undermining the need for more HIV-specific risk prediction models), it nonetheless remains the most pragmatic clinical tool available for predicting risk in patients with HIV [6]. Lipid management should be according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) guidelines.…”

Section: Approach To Risk Stratification and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Spectrum of Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease in HIV Patients

Hakeem

Bhatti

Çilingiroğlu

2010

Curr Atheroscler Rep

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The incidence of HIV is on the rise. With the advent of antiretroviral therapy, the average life expectancy of HIV patients has increased by several decades, but the increasing life expectancy has shifted the spectrum of HIV-associated morbidity and mortality away from opportunistic infections and toward chronic medical conditions. In fact, coronary artery disease has become the leading cause of mortality in patients with HIV. The pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in patients with HIV is very complex, including direct endothelial damage from viremia, a heightened overall state of inflammation from immune activation, higher prevalence and contribution from traditional atherosclerotic risk factors, and direct effects from antiretroviral therapy itself. This review focuses on the patterns, predictors, and pathophysiology of atherosclerotic disease in patients with HIV. In addition, the risks and benefits of evidence-based highly active antiretroviral therapy are critically evaluated.

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