EGFR‐mutant lung adenocarcinoma associated with antisynthetase syndrome successfully treated with osimertinib

Abstract

Here, we report a rare case involving a 66‐year‐old man with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐mutant lung adenocarcinoma and antisynthetase syndrome (ASS) treated with osimertinib. The patient presented with respiratory failure and bilateral pulmonary opacities; he was diagnosed with ASS accompanied by interstitial lung disease (ILD), consistent with paraneoplastic syndrome. After steroid pulse therapy, osimertinib was administered for lung adenocarcinoma without ILD exacerbation. Osimertinib could therefore be a treatment option for EGFR‐mutant lung cancer with paraneoplastic ILD.

Antisynthetase Syndrome With Paraneoplastic Antibodies

“…The relationship between dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and cancer has been well-established over the years. However, the evidence regarding the predisposition of ASyS to cancer remains unclear [ 4 , 7 , 8 , 12 , 14 , 17 , 18 ]. The cancers hypothesized to be associated with ASyS include lung, colorectal, breast, ovarian, and liver cancers [ 17 , 18 ].…”

“…Recent studies, however, indicate no elevated risk of cancer in ASyS patients [ 18 ]. Nevertheless, multiple case reports exist in the literature linking ASyS with various types of cancer as mentioned earlier [ 7 , 8 ]. It is important to note that the evidence from these studies is of low quality, as they were retrospective in nature with small patient populations [ 4 , 7 , 8 , 12 , 14 , 17 , 18 ].…”

“…Nevertheless, multiple case reports exist in the literature linking ASyS with various types of cancer as mentioned earlier [ 7 , 8 ]. It is important to note that the evidence from these studies is of low quality, as they were retrospective in nature with small patient populations [ 4 , 7 , 8 , 12 , 14 , 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, the recommendation remains to conduct age-appropriate cancer screening for all newly diagnosed ASyS patients [ 12 , 17 ].…”

“…Rituximab is employed in cases of refractory ILD1. The relationship between ASyS and the risk of malignancy has yielded conflicting findings in the literature [4][5][6][7][8]. The objective of this article is to present a challenging diagnostic case of ASyS, elucidate the distinctive clinical features that contributed to the diagnosis, and emphasize the significance of age-appropriate cancer screening for individuals with this syndrome.…”