Scleroderris canker of Todo-fir in Hokkaido, Northern Japan.

Yokota, Shun-ichi; Uozumi, T.; Matsuzaki, Shinya

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1974.tb00431.x

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…2001), fungal colonization of latently infected shoots in the current study was found primarily in the outer stem cortex. Isolation studies of conifers latently infected with Gremmeniella abietina , and Cronartium ribicola revealed that these latent infections also usually occurred in the periderm and outer cortex ( Yokota 1975; Stone 1987; Marosy et al. 1989; Reich and Van Der Kamp 1993; Hunt 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histology of Diplodia pinea in diseased and latently infected Pinus nigra shoots

Flowers¹,

Hartman²,

Vaillancourt³

2006

Forest Pathology

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Diplodia tip blight is a serious disease of >30 conifer species worldwide. Symptoms are particularly severe on non-native, two-needled Pinus species, and typically include stunted, necrotic needles and shoots and a general decline of the tree. Latent Diplodia pinea infections occur in current-year shoots of some symptomless pines, and in some apparently healthy current-year shoots of diseased pines. Latent infections also occur in symptomless terminal buds. A histological approach was used to investigate the nature of latent infections in shoot stems and terminal buds of landscape Pinus nigra. Fungal colonization was compared in healthy, diseased and latently infected tissues. A nested-PCR technique that is specific for D. pinea was used to differentiate latently infected tissues from uninfected ones. Latent D. pinea infections were localized in the outer stem cortex, usually in the vicinity of needle scales at leaf axes. In contrast, pathogenic D. pinea infections were characterized by fungal colonization throughout the shoot stem tissues, even very early in symptom development. The presence of necrophylatic periderms in two of the latently infected samples suggests that host defences play a role in the production and maintenance of latent stem infections. Latent infections of terminal buds appeared to originate from the distal bud scales of axillary buds in the terminal bud cluster, and not from the subtending shoot. Fungal tissues were never observed inside asymptomatic, PCRnegative shoots.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histology of Diplodia pinea in diseased and latently infected Pinus nigra shoots

Flowers¹,

Hartman²,

Vaillancourt³

2006

Forest Pathology

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“…4). YOKOTA et al (1974) andTANAKA (1988) also observed positive relationships between the incidence of G. abietina and snow depth, and MAROSY et al (1989) stated that a deep snow cover enabled the fungus to colonize host tissue regardless of the ambient air temperature. North of lat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and growth of stem cankers caused by Gremmeniella abietina on young Pinus contorta

Witzell

2001

Forest Pathology

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From 1990 to 1995, the formation and growth of stem cankers caused by Gremmeniella abietina on Pinus contorta var. latifolia was studied in three stands in northern Sweden. The stands were planted in 1976±80. The total number of cankers on 756 trees that were individually followed increased from 233 to 477 during the 5-year period. With 42.0% of the cankers, the pathogen entered through or from the base of diseased branches, and 33.6% through visually undamaged bark. Most of the cankers were within 100 cm of the ground. In one of the three areas, the cankers were evenly distributed within 180 cm of the ground. The frequency of cankers facing north exceeded those facing south. The average vertical length of cankers had increased, 55.6% of cankers had increased their percentage coverage of the stem girth; 13.8% had fully girdled the stem. At two of the sites, there was a negative correlation between canker coverage of the stem circumference and tree height increment.

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“…The infection, which is caused by the fungus Gremmeniella abietina (anamorph Brunchorstia pinea ), can lead to the weakening and death of these trees. So far, no large‐scale epidemic outbreaks caused by this pathogen have been recorded in Spain, but the devastation of huge areas of Pinus , Picea or Abies stands has been reported in other parts of the world (Yokota, ; Laflamme & Lachance, ; Kaitera et al ., ). This fungus was divided into three races: European, North American and Asian (Dorworth & Krywienczyk, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleppo pine provenances vary in susceptibility and secondary chemical response toGremmeniella abietinainfection

Romeralo

Witzell

2015

Plant Pathology

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Aleppo pine is a thermophilic species that has become a popular tree species in plantings even beyond its natural habitat. In 1999 the pathogenic fungus Gremmeniella abietina was isolated for the first time in Aleppo pine plantations in Spain. The main objective of this study was to analyse the variation in susceptibility to G. abietina (European race, biotype A) infections among trees from five Aleppo pine provenances. Artificial inoculations were performed at two different times in January 2012. The susceptibility of the trees was evaluated by recording disease severity and the length of internal stem necrosis produced by the pathogen. In addition, the concentrations of two flavanone compounds were quantified as putative indicators of resistance. Provenances and G. abietina isolates both significantly affected levels of necrosis although the results were dependent on the time of inoculation. There was a relationship between provenance and resistance, with trees of higher elevation provenances being more susceptible to disease than trees of lower elevation provenances. The amount of naringenin flavanone from trees was significantly different between provenances, suggesting that it is a possible indicator value for resistance. Conversely, no differences were found in the concentration of eriodictyol in trees between provenances. The results show that the provenance‐dependent variation in the susceptibility of Aleppo pine to G. abietina should be considered in selection of seed sources for restoration.

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Scleroderris canker of Todo-fir in Hokkaido, Northern Japan.

Cited by 20 publications

References 3 publications

Histology of Diplodia pinea in diseased and latently infected Pinus nigra shoots

Histology of Diplodia pinea in diseased and latently infected Pinus nigra shoots

Formation and growth of stem cankers caused by Gremmeniella abietina on young Pinus contorta

Aleppo pine provenances vary in susceptibility and secondary chemical response toGremmeniella abietinainfection

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