Aleppo pine provenances vary in susceptibility and secondary chemical response to<i>Gremmeniella abietina</i>infection

Romeralo, Carmen; Witzell, Johanna

doi:10.1111/ppa.12452

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Geoclimatic variation among P. pinaster provenances has been reported by other authors for other pathogens, such as M. feytaudi in P. pinaster (Burban et al 1999) or Gremmeniella abietina Lagerb. in P. halepensis (Romeralo et al 2016). However, we did not find a clear climatic pattern since Mimizan was one of the least PWD-affected provenances and climatic characteristics at the location of origin are similar to those of the Noroeste-Litoral location of origin, which was the most affected provenance.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Variation in pinewood nematode susceptibility among Pinus pinaster Ait. provenances from the Iberian Peninsula and France

Menéndez‐Gutiérrez

Alonso

Toval

et al. 2017

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Pinus pinaster Ait. susceptibility to pinewood nematode significantly differed among provenances, and the two Atlantic provenances of the Iberian Peninsula being the most affected. However, significant provenance × environment interaction was found. Provenance susceptibility was related to basal diameter, number of branches and oleoresin flow, and some climatic parameters. & Context The pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, native to North America, is an important pest affecting pine forests throughout Eurasia. In Europe, it has been detected in Portugal and Spain and is primarily associated with Pinus pinaster, an important Mediterranean tree species. & Aims We have investigated the differences in susceptibility among several P. pinaster provenances in the Iberian Peninsula and France, as well as their relationship to certain growth traits and physiological parameters. & Methods Three independent inoculation tests were performed on 3 to 4-year-old trees, followed by assessment of growth traits and physiological variables, along with time course destructive sampling for nematode quantification. & Results The results showed significant differences among provenances for almost all growth traits, wilting, and mortality, though a significant provenance × environment interaction was also detected. Two Atlantic provenances, Noroeste-Litoral and Leiria, displayed the largest susceptibility to pinewood nematode. Changes in susceptibility to B. xylophilus between experiments were influenced by temperature and seasonality. Autumn precipitation and mean maximum temperature during summer at the original provenance sites could be related to provenance susceptibility. & Conclusion Noroeste-Litoral and Leiria were the most disease-affected provenances. This study emphasizes the need for further research on how tree growth stage influences susceptibility and on the possibility of cross-breeding among provenances.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Variation in pinewood nematode susceptibility among Pinus pinaster Ait. provenances from the Iberian Peninsula and France

Menéndez‐Gutiérrez

Alonso

Toval

et al. 2017

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Four healthy-looking leaves from each tree were pooled to one sample ( n = 24) and each sample was milled into a homogenous powder using an MM301 ball mill (Retsch GmbH). The extraction and HPLC analysis was done following the procedure described in Romeralo et al (2016) . From each sample, a subsample of 10 mg, together with three glass pearls and 1 mL cold methanol were added in an Eppendorf vial.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedunculate Oaks (Quercus robur L.) Differing in Vitality as Reservoirs for Fungal Biodiversity

et al. 2018

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Ecological significance of trees growing in urban and peri-urban settings is likely to increase in future land-use regimes, calling for better understanding of their role as potential reservoirs or stepping stones for associated biodiversity. We studied the diversity of fungal endophytes in woody tissues of asymptomatic even aged pedunculate oak trees, growing as amenity trees in a peri-urban setting. The trees were classified into three groups according to their phenotypic vitality (high, medium, and low). Endophytes were cultured on potato dextrose media from surface sterilized twigs and DNA sequencing was performed to reveal the taxonomic identity of the morphotypes. In xylem tissues, the frequency and diversity of endophytes was highest in oak trees showing reduced vitality. This difference was not found for bark samples, in which the endophyte infections were more frequent and communities more diverse than in xylem. In general, most taxa were shared across the samples with few morphotypes being recovered in unique samples. Leaf phenolic profiles were found to accurately classify the trees according to their phenotypic vitality. Our results confirm that xylem is more selective substrate for endophytes than bark and that endophyte assemblages in xylem are correlated to the degree of host vitality. Thus, high vitality of trees may be associated with reduced habitat quality to wood-associated endophytes.

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“…There are several examples of differences in susceptibility to pathogens among tree host individuals and populations from different locations (Roll‐Hansen, ; Hunt et al ., ; Carnegie et al ., ; Swedjemark et al ., ; Hamilton et al ., ; Balmelli et al ., ; Romeralo et al ., ; Štochlová et al ., ). For example, European larch ( Larix decidua ) differs strongly in susceptibility to larch canker ( Lachnellula willkommii ) depending on the provenance (Yde‐Andersen, ).…”

Section: Evolutionary Aspects Of Ash Genetic Diversity and Variation mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash dieback due toHymenoscyphus fraxineus: what can be learnt from evolutionary ecology?

et al. 2016

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The future existence of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), an important tree species throughout temperate Europe, is threatened. An invasive fungal disease (ash dieback) has spread through much of the distribution area of common ash. The causal agent of the disease is Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, a necrotrophic ascomycete, most probably introduced from Asia in the early 1990s. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus infects ash trees and saplings through their leaves, from which it grows into the stem. The fungus was studied intensively in recent years but there is still a need to address the topic from an evolutionary perspective. In this overview, some key evolutionary aspects of ash dieback are discussed, from the Red Queen dynamics of host–pathogen interactions to the probable consequences for virulence evolution of multiple infections. The progression of ash dieback in Europe does not show spatial differences, but studies show variation in susceptibility within host populations, a probable consequence of genetic differences, thus providing material for evolution of disease resistance or tolerance. Breeding programmes need to maintain the genetic diversity of Fraxinus, to enable it to withstand further threats such as climate change and the emerald ash borer. Because H. fraxineus reproduces exclusively sexually, the pathogen is likely to overcome a narrow genetic resistance. The introduction of further strains of H. fraxineus to Europe and the movement of infected plant material should be avoided. This case study shows that the integration of evolutionary ecology considerations would benefit plant disease management and biosecurity in general.

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Aleppo pine provenances vary in susceptibility and secondary chemical response toGremmeniella abietinainfection

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Variation in pinewood nematode susceptibility among Pinus pinaster Ait. provenances from the Iberian Peninsula and France

Variation in pinewood nematode susceptibility among Pinus pinaster Ait. provenances from the Iberian Peninsula and France

Pedunculate Oaks (Quercus robur L.) Differing in Vitality as Reservoirs for Fungal Biodiversity

Ash dieback due toHymenoscyphus fraxineus: what can be learnt from evolutionary ecology?

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