Science diplomacy for plant health

Giovani, Baldissera; Blümel, S.; Lopian, Ralf; Teulon, D.A.J.; Bloem, Stephanie; Martínez, Cristina Galeano; Montoya, Camilo Beltrán; Morales, Carlos R.; Dharmapuri, Sridhar; Timote, Visoni; Horn, Nico; Chouibani, Mekki; M’Ella, Jean Gérard Mezui; Herrera, Veronica; Castinel, A.; Goletsos, Con; Moeller, Carina; Naumann, I. D.; Stancanelli, Giuseppe; Bronzwaer, S L A M; Tramontini, Sara; Macdonald, Phil; Matheson, Loren; Anthoine, G.; Jonghe, Kris De; Schenk, Martijn; Steinmöller, Silke; Rodríguez, Elena; Cruz, Leonor; Luck, Jo; Fraser, Greg; Brunel, Sarah; Montuori, Mirko; Fedchock, Craig; Steel, Elspeth; Pennington, Helen Grace; Day, Roger; Rossi, Jean‐Pierre; Xia, Jingyuan

doi:10.1038/s41477-020-0744-x

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Consequently, it is likely that even more and better NCLB resistance resources can be identified in the future, for example, in Brazilian and Mexican maize germplasm for transfer to European maize germplasm. Therefore, international cooperation across continents (and climatic zones) and exchange of germplasm such as already promoted by CIMMYT (e.g., Cairns et al, 2012) is of overriding importance to adapt to changing environmental conditions, particularly in Europe, where quarantine (biosecurity) instructions must be strictly followed (Giovani et al, 2020).…”

Section: Leaf Disease Resistance Breeding Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global warming and increasing maize cultivation demand comprehensive efforts in disease and insect resistance breeding in north‐western Europe

Miedaner

Juroszek²

2021

Plant Pathology

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Maize productivity is threatened by global climate change. Climate change scenarios suggest that north‐western (NW) Europe will get warmer and drier during the main crop‐growing period. In general, more northerly regions will benefit, whereas more southerly regions will suffer suboptimal rain‐fed farming conditions. In these latter regions in particular, the resulting probable lower realized on‐farm maize grain and biomass yields must be safeguarded. Breeding for resistance against already existing and emerging diseases and insect pests is one component to achieve yield stability across years. Durable multiple‐disease resistance will become especially crucial. Herein, we focus on disease resistance breeding approaches in maize, especially related to northern corn leaf blight and Fusarium ear rots, although virus and bacterial diseases will become more important as well. Continuous adjustments of disease resistance breeding strategies will be required. Insect pest resistance breeding must be improved considerably, as in a warmer world insects will thrive, probably causing detrimental direct (feeding, sucking, etc.) and indirect (vectors of pathogens, feeding wounds creating gateways for many pathogens, passive transport of inoculum across maize plants) effects. Four case studies on insects that are already prevalent in NW Europe or may be expected in the near future are covered in this review. Maize cultivars need to combine both durable multiple‐disease and multiple‐insect resistance, although the implementation of many different effective resistance resources in breeding programmes will be challenging, particularly if trade‐offs among breeding goals appear.

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Section: Leaf Disease Resistance Breeding Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global warming and increasing maize cultivation demand comprehensive efforts in disease and insect resistance breeding in north‐western Europe

Miedaner

Juroszek²

2021

Plant Pathology

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“…Contribuciones desde El Salvador, Paraguay y Perú al rol de la diplomacia para fortalecer la salud basada en plantas (Giovani et al, 2020), para el caso de Bolivia se examinan los Clubes de Ciencia como ejemplo de colaboración entre naciones para fortalecer la educación científica (Carosso et al, 2019). En el caso de México, Wilder et al (2020) destacan la importancia de la diplomacia científica en la gobernanza del agua de manera colaborativa entre ese país y Estados Unidos en la región fronteriza.…”

Section: Geografía De La Producción De Conocimiento Sobre Diplomacia Científicaunclassified

Reflexiones en torno a la diplomacia científica: estado del debate, experiencia internacional y perspectivas para Colombia

Ordóñez–Matamoros¹,

González²,

Centeno³

2021

oasis

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Si bien la relación entre ciencia y diplomacia es de vieja data, los esfuerzos por conceptualizarla a partir del siglo xxi dieron origen a la diplomacia científica, una noción impulsada de manera entusiasta por emprendedores de política, en particular en la Unión Europea. Sin embargo, la discusión en español sobre este concepto emergente es aun escasa y poco critica, por lo que en este artículo de reflexión se exploran las bases del concepto de diplomacia científica con el propósito de clarificar sus alcances. Repasamos las principales definiciones de la diplomacia científica y mapeamos el avance en la producción de conocimiento sobre la misma. Encontramos que se trata de un campo emergente, con arraigo disciplinar en la tradición de las relaciones internacionales y de base empírica multisectorial, preocupada esencialmente por retos ambientales desde el Norte Global. Asimismo, examinamos algunas experiencias internacionales que ilustran las posibles perspectivas y condiciones de viabilidad de la diplomacia científica en Colombia. El articulo concluye con algunas reflexiones críticas sobre el concepto.

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“…However, despite the plethora of protocols available for eDNA metabarcoding and the drop in the cost of HTS over the years, there is limited information available on cost‐effectiveness (Elbrecht & Steinke, 2019; Ji et al., 2013; de Kerdrel et al., 2020). Biodiversity monitoring and biosurveillance programs would benefit from the inclusion of HTS protocols to accelerate the detection of species of concern and reduce costs associated with processing large numbers of individual specimens (Giovani et al., 2020; Piper et al., 2019). On a broader scale, cost‐effectiveness is essential given that only a fraction of the global biodiversity (including IAS and other pest species) has been described to date, and several billions of dollars may be needed to complete this enormous endeavor (Carbayo & Marques, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and validation of a cost‐effective protocol for biosurveillance of invasive alien species

Milián‐García

Young

Madden

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring and invasive pest biosurveillance programs. The introduction of insect pests considered invasive alien species (IAS) into a non‐native range poses a threat to native plant health. The early detection of IAS can allow for prompt actions by regulating authorities, thereby mitigating their impacts. In the present study, we optimized and validated a fast and cost‐effective eDNA metabarcoding protocol for biosurveillance of IAS and characterization of insect and microorganism diversity. Forty‐eight traps were placed, following the CFIA's annual forest insect trapping survey, at four locations in southern Ontario that are high risk for forest IAS. We collected insects and eDNA samples using Lindgren funnel traps that contained a saturated salt (NaCl) solution in the collection jar. Using cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) as a molecular marker, a modified Illumina protocol effectively identified 2,535 Barcode Index Numbers (BINs). BINs were distributed among 57 Orders and 304 Families, with the vast majority being arthropods. Two IAS (Agrilus planipennis and Lymantria dispar) are regulated by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) as plant health pests, are known to occur in the study area, and were identified through eDNA in collected traps. Similarly, using 16S ribosomal RNA and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), five bacterial and three fungal genera, which contain species of regulatory concern across several Canadian jurisdictions, were recovered from all sampling locations. Our study results reaffirm the effectiveness and importance of integrating eDNA metabarcoding as part of identification protocols in biosurveillance programs.

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Science diplomacy for plant health

Cited by 22 publications

References 8 publications

Global warming and increasing maize cultivation demand comprehensive efforts in disease and insect resistance breeding in north‐western Europe

Global warming and increasing maize cultivation demand comprehensive efforts in disease and insect resistance breeding in north‐western Europe

Reflexiones en torno a la diplomacia científica: estado del debate, experiencia internacional y perspectivas para Colombia

Optimization and validation of a cost‐effective protocol for biosurveillance of invasive alien species

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