School Shootings and Student Performance

Poutvaara, Panu; Ropponen, Olli

doi:10.2139/ssrn.1631144

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This effect was not present for females. We do not have any specific explanation of this finding, but others have found a similar tendency in terms of worse exam results for boys after a school-shooting episode as compared with girls (Poutvaara & Ropponen, 2010). Likewise, boys seem to be more affected by maternal depression than girls, which may indicate different interacting genetic pathways influencing future health (Korhonen, Luoma, Salmelin, & Tamminen, 2012).…”

Section: Cognitive and Clinical Associationsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…One important finding from studies on school shootings is that in many survivors, their psychological and physiological suffering affected their everyday activities. Poutvaara and Ropponen (2010) analyzed the immediate effect of a school shooting in Finland in the middle of a national exam period. They found that the shooting decreased average test scores for boys but not for girls.…”

Section: Effects Of Terror Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between executive functions and long-term stress reactions after extreme trauma: A two-year follow-up of the Utøya survivors.

Melinder¹,

Augusti²,

Matre³

et al. 2015

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Terror attacks cause variation in everyday functioning across several domains. This paper focuses on the individual long-term costs in terms of clinical symptoms and cognitive (e.g., shifting, inhibition, and spatial working memory) difficulties associated with these symptoms in 24 survivors of a terror attack in Norway. Another 24 controls were included for comparison purposes. Participants were administered a battery of clinical and neurocognitive tests. Results showed that all clinical variables differed as a function of group, ps ≤ .001, η2 ≥ .64, but no significant differences were revealed for the neurocognitive measures. In the survivor group, shifting capacity and its interaction with gender predicted intrusion symptoms, p = .045, ηp2 = .338, and symptoms of avoidance, p = .008, ηp2 = .453. We discuss the findings in relation to theoretical models and therapeutic interventions.

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Section: Cognitive and Clinical Associationsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Effects Of Terror Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between executive functions and long-term stress reactions after extreme trauma: A two-year follow-up of the Utøya survivors.

Melinder¹,

Augusti²,

Matre³

et al. 2015

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The few studies conducted in this area have mainly focused on academic performance and specific cognitive functions, and the results have been mixed (Chemtob et al., 2009; Melinder et al., 2015; Pfefferbaum et al., 2016; Scrimin et al., 2006; Syed et al., 2017). Studies on school or mass shootings add to this literature and consistently show impaired academic performance among survivors (Beland & Kim, 2016; Cabral et al., 2021; Gershenson & Tekin, 2018; Levine & McKnight, 2021; Poutvaara & Ropponen, 2010). Studies on school functioning following the Utøya terror event have in line with this research, demonstrated impaired academic performance among survivors (Bharadwaj et al., 2021; Schultz & Skarstein, 2021; Stene et al., 2019; Strøm et al., 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Terror leaves adolescents behind: Identifying risk and protective factors for high‐school completion among survivors of terrorism

Strøm

Dyb

Wentzel‐Larsen

et al. 2023

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Terror exposure increases the risk of somatic and psychological health problems in survivors. Yet, knowledge of how such exposure affects survivors’ ability to stay in school is lacking. This study examined whether exposure to the 2011 Utøya terrorist attack in Norway impacted survivors’ ability to complete high school. Further, it aimed to identify important peri‐ and posttraumatic risk and protective factors. Interview data from the Utøya study, collected 4–5 months postterror, were linked to individual educational registry data for 265 survivors. Chi‐square tests and ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to examine (a) high school completion among younger survivors (n = 185, age range: 13–18 years, 52.4% female) compared to both older survivors (i.e., who had the possibility of completing high school before the terror attacks; n = 80, age range: 19–21 years, 40.0% female) and the national average and (b) associations between high school completion and physical injury, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), somatic symptoms, and social support among younger survivors. Younger survivors were significantly less likely to complete high school on time. Among younger adolescents, physical injury, aOR = 0.36, 95% CI [0.16, 0.81]; higher‐level PTSS, aOR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.33, 0.88]; and somatic symptoms, aOR = 0.51, 95% CI [0.29, 0.91], lowered the likelihood of on‐time completion. Terror exposure in adolescence adversely affects long‐term educational functioning in young survivors, which can severely hamper their future prospects. These findings reinforce the need for trauma‐sensitive teaching and educator‐provided support for adolescents exposed to trauma.

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School shootings and private school enrollment

Adams

2013

Economics Letters

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School Shootings and Student Performance

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Associations between executive functions and long-term stress reactions after extreme trauma: A two-year follow-up of the Utøya survivors.

Associations between executive functions and long-term stress reactions after extreme trauma: A two-year follow-up of the Utøya survivors.

Terror leaves adolescents behind: Identifying risk and protective factors for high‐school completion among survivors of terrorism

School shootings and private school enrollment

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