Schistosomiasis Mansoni in Baboons

Damian, Raymond T.; Greene, Nathan D.; Fitzgerald, Kathleen A.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1974.23.78

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, further manipulation of the baboons to recover any remaining free cercariae would have been logistically difficult and could have compromised those in the process of penetration. Similarly high penetration rates were reported by Damian et al (1974).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In contrast, Cheever & Duvall (1974), using essentially the same host-parasite model, found that repeated exposures at 10to 15-weekly intervals to between 400 and 1600 cercariae over nearly 3 years produced partial immunity, judged by worm recovery, although faecal egg excretion often rose temporarily after re-exposures. Damian et al (1974) exposed 8 baboons (P. cynocephalus) initially to 100 S. mansoni cercariae followed by 12 exposures of 50 cercariae each at 3-monthly intervals. Faecal egg production rose during the first year but thereafter fluctuated irregularly with, at most, only minor increases after each exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conventional studies of the possible development of resistance to reinfection in primates, they are normally exposed to one or more priming doses of several hundred cercariae before challenge at some later date with an even greater number of cercariae. Examples involving Schistosoma mansoni include the rhesus monkey (Meisenhelder & Thompson, 1963;Smithers & Terry, 1965;Foster & Broomfield, 1971); vervet or green monkeys (Meisenhelder & Thompson, 1963;Ritchie, Knight, Olivier-Gonzalez, Frick, Morris & Croker, 1967;Cheever & Duvall, 1974) and baboons (Taylor, Nelson, Smith & Andrews, 1973;Damian, Greene & Fitzgerald, 1974;Sturrock, Butterworth & Houba, 1976;Sturrock, Butterworth, Houba, Karamsadkar & Kimani, 1978). In those studies involving repeated exposures, only two used 100 or less cercariae/exposure (Foster & Broomfield, 1971;Damian et al 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same picture is found in the baboon which is therefore a better model of human schistosomiasis mansoni. However, the initial exposure to 100 cercariae used by Damian et al (1974) could well be considered artificially high. This paper gives the parasitological result of an experiment in which Kenyan baboons were exposed to repeated, light S. mansoni infections before a heavy challenge exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Observations on the ability of repeated, light exposures toSchistosoma mansonicercariae to induce resistance to reinfection in Kenyan baboons (Papio anubis)

1984

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using groups of 4 baboons (Papio anubis), 21.0% of a trickle exposure of 480 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae/baboon (10/week for 48 weeks) were recovered as adult worms (Group A) compared with 72.6% from a single massive exposure of 2500 cercariae/baboon (Group C). Group B, exposed first to the trickle and then to the massive exposure simultaneously with Groups A and C, yielded a worm recovery of 54% which was slightly but significantly less than Group C. The trickle infection apparently induced a substantial resistance to light re-exposure but only a partial, although significant, resistance to a massive re-exposure. In Group B, however, there was a marked reduction in the degree of gross pathology, despite high tissue egg production by the mature challenge worms. The parasitological results, in terms of resistance to reinfection by and development of pathology to a trickle infection, are not materially different from those obtained in studies using conventional heavy primary and challenge exposures with S. mansoni. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the epidemiology of human schistosomiasis mansoni in which heavy exposures are believed to be the exception rather than the rule.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Observations on the ability of repeated, light exposures toSchistosoma mansonicercariae to induce resistance to reinfection in Kenyan baboons (Papio anubis)

1984

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…malaria (Smith et al 1999), coccidiosis (Solangi and Overstreet, 1980), Chagas disease (Meckert et al 1988), leishmaniasis (Nadim, 1984) and toxoplasmosis (Araujo et al 1997)]; and helminths [e.g. schistosomiasis (Damian et al 1974) and trichostrongylosis (Kennedy and Todd, 1975)]. In the case of pathogens of plants, premunition has been used to describe the protection of plants against viruses [e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining premunition with Kin selection using Haemonchus contortus

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Premunition is the state in a disease where an existing infection protects the host from reinfection with the same species. The cause of premunition is not clearly understood. In this study, we hypothesized that kin-selection might be a contributing factor in premunition. To test this theory, sheep were infected either once with a linguiform or smooth vulval morphotype of Haemonchos contortus, twice with the same morphotype or twice with different morphotypes. All infections resulted in a similar number of adult parasites. However, there were differences in the morphotypes recovered providing potential evidence of kin selection. Negative interference competition might also contribute to the reduction of the incoming population. Allelopathic or physical interactions between the parasites may be the mechanism behind the observed phenomena.

show abstract