Scent marking behavior in male C57BL/6J mice: Sexual and developmental determination

Arakawa, Hiroyuki; Arakawa, Keiko; Blanchard, D. Caroline; Blanchard, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.05.007

Cited by 55 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…These nestlets were likely soiled with urine and feces and potentially with food, saliva and hair. Urine is a highly relevant social stimulus for mice [3][4][5][8][9][10]28,36], and likely plays a key role in the social approach seen here. However, we did not directly address which social odors were important in eliciting approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Olfactory cues are sufficient to elicit social approach behaviors but not social transmission of food preference in C57BL/6J mice

Ryan

Young

Moy

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

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Mouse models for the study of autistic-like behaviors are increasingly needed to test hypotheses about the causes of autism, and to evaluate potential treatments. Both the automated 3-chambered social approach test and social transmission of food preference have been proposed as mouse behavioral assays with face validity to diagnostic symptoms of autism, including aberrant reciprocal social interactions and impaired communication. Both assays measure aspects of normal social behavior in the mouse. However, little is known regarding the salient cues present in each assay that elicit normal social approach and communication. To deconstruct the critical components, we focused on delivering discrete social and non-social olfactory and visual cues within the context of each assay. Results indicate that social olfactory cues were sufficient to elicit normal sociability in the 3-chambered social approach test On social transmission of food preference, isolated social olfactory cues were sufficient to induce social investigation, but not sufficient to induce food preference. These findings indicate that olfactory cues are important in mouse social interaction, but that additional sensory cues are necessary in certain situations. The present evidence that both the 3-chambered social approach assay and the social transmission of food preference assay require socially relevant cues to elicit normal behavior supports the use of these two assays to investigate autismrelated behavioral phenotypes in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Olfactory cues assist in mate choice, distinguish between individuals and determine health status [3,4,10,11,20,22,61]. Anosmic mice show abnormal aggressive, afilliative and social behavior [2,28,31,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory cues are sufficient to elicit social approach behaviors but not social transmission of food preference in C57BL/6J mice

Ryan

Young

Moy

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

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show abstract

“…Among mammals, including mice, urinary scent plays a significant role in olfactory social signaling [2,12,34]. Urinary odors are used both to discriminate between individual conspecifics [7,24,32], and to communicate information such as dominance and health [27,29,35,61].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conspecific communication in mice involves both the emission of olfactory social signals (scent marking) and response to such social signals through additional scent marking, often overmarking the initial scent [2,12,25,34]. The present experiments of scent marking utilized C57BL/6J (C57) mice, an inbred strain often used as a background for transgenic mice [15][16]51], in order to facilitate the potential use of this technique for genetic studies of animal models of neurocognitive disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new test paradigm for social recognition evidenced by urinary scent marking behavior in C57BL/6J mice

Arakawa

Blanchard

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

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Olfaction is a major sensory element in intraspecies recognition and communication in mice. The present study investigated scent marking behaviors of males of the highly inbred C57BL/6J (C57) strain in order to evaluate the ability of these behaviors to provide clear and consistent measures of social familiarity and response to social signals. C57 males engage in scent marking when placed in a chamber with a wire mesh partition separating them from a conspecific. Male mice (C57 or outbred CD-1 mice) showed rapid habituation of scent marking (decreased marking over trials) with repeated exposure at 24-hr intervals, to a stimulus animal of the C57 or CD-1 strains, or to an empty chamber. Subsequent exposure to a genetically different novel mouse (CD-1 after CD-1 exposure, or CD-1 after C57 exposure) or to a novel context (different shaped chamber) produced recovery of marking, while responses to a novel but genetically identical mouse (C57 after C57 exposure) or to the empty chamber did not. This finding demonstrated that male mice differentiate familiar and novel conspecifics as expressed by habituation and recovery of scent marking, but neither C57 or CD-1 mice can differentiate new vs. familiar C57 males; likely due to similarities in their odor patterns. The data also indicate that scent marking can differentiate novel from familiar contexts.

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“…Behavioral assessment and pharmacological treatment were done only in the C57BL/6N mouse strain. The CD-1 strain of mouse was selected for donors of novel odors because C57BL/6J mice have been reported to have difficulties discriminating odor cues between males of their own strain [12] . All the wooden beads used were laden with odors from individual mice, as described above, and were used as objects that were either from their HC, or from cages of one of two CD-1 male mice (N1 and N2).…”

Section: Sor Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Odor Recognition: A Novel Behavioral Model for Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Monaghan

Leddy²,

Sung³

et al. 2010

Neurodegener Dis

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Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by an increasing loss of dopaminergic neurons resulting in motor dysfunction. However, cognitive impairments in PD patients are a common clinical feature that has gained increased attention. Objective: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of an MPTP-induced dopaminergic lesion in mice on social odor recognition (SOR) memory. Methods: Mice were acutely treated with MPTP and evaluated for memory impairments in the SOR assay and characterized using biochemical and immunohistochemical methods approximately 2 weeks later. Results: Here we demonstrate that SOR memory is sensitive to MPTP treatment and that it correlates with multiple measures of nigrostriatal integrity. MPTP treatment of C57BL/6N mice produced a profound decrease in dopamine levels, dopamine transporter binding and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the striatum. These impairments in stratial dopaminergic function were blocked by pretreatment with the MAO-B inhibitor deprenyl. Changes in the dopaminergic system parallel those observed in SOR with MPTP treatment impairing recognition memory in the absence of a deficit in odor discrimination during learning. Deprenyl pretreatment blocked the MPTP-induced impairment of SOR memory. Conclusion: The use of the SOR memory model may provide a preclinical method for evaluating cognitive therapies for PD.

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Scent marking behavior in male C57BL/6J mice: Sexual and developmental determination

Cited by 55 publications

References 59 publications

Olfactory cues are sufficient to elicit social approach behaviors but not social transmission of food preference in C57BL/6J mice

Olfactory cues are sufficient to elicit social approach behaviors but not social transmission of food preference in C57BL/6J mice

A new test paradigm for social recognition evidenced by urinary scent marking behavior in C57BL/6J mice

Social Odor Recognition: A Novel Behavioral Model for Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

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