Scavenging Capacity of Berry Crops on Superoxide Radicals, Hydrogen Peroxide, Hydroxyl Radicals, and Singlet Oxygen

Abstract

The antioxidant activities against superoxide radicals (O(2)(*)(-)), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), hydroxyl radicals (OH(*)), and singlet oxygen ('O(2)) was evaluated in fruit juice from different cultivars of thornless blackberries (Rubus sp.), blueberries (Vaccinium spp.), cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton), raspberries (Rubus idaeus L. and Rubus occidentalis L.), and strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). Among the different cultivars, juice of 'Hull Thornless' blackberry, 'Earliglow' strawberry, 'Early Black' cranberry, 'Jewel' raspberry, and 'Elliot' blueberry had the highest antioxidant capacity against superoxide radicals (O(2)(*)(-)), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), hydroxyl radicals (OH(*)), and singlet oxygen ('O(2)). In general, blackberries had the highest antioxidant capacity inhibition of O(2)(*)(-), H(2)O(2), and OH(*). Strawberry was second best in the antioxidant capacity assay for these same free radicals. With regard to 'O(2) scavenging activity, strawberry had the highest value, while blackberry was second. Cranberries had the lowest inhibition of H(2)O(2) activity. Meanwhile, blueberries had the lowest antioxidant capacity against OH(*) and 'O(2). There were interesting and marked differences among the different antioxidants in their abilities to scavenge different reactive oxygen species. beta-Carotene had by far the highest scavenging activity against 'O(2) but had absolutely no effect on H(2)O(2). Ascorbic acid was the best at inhibiting H(2)O(2) free radical activity. For OH(*), there was a wide range of scavenging capacities from a high of 15.3% with alpha-tocopherol to a low of 0.88% with ascorbic acid. Glutathione had higher O(2)(*)(-) scavenging capacity compared to the other antioxidants.

Polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of maqui (Aristotelia chilensis Molina Stuntz) during fruit development and maturation in Central Chile

“…Polyphenols are scavengers of a wide variety of reactive species such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical, hypochlorous acid, and peroxynitrous acid, resulting in less reactive radicals (Wang and Jiao, 2000;Mertz et al, 2009). Different methods exist to evaluate the AA (Gil et al, 2000;Mermelstein, 2008), both in vitro or in vivo.…”

Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effects of Dried Flower Extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. on Rats Treated with Carbon Tetrachloride

“…Liver may be damaged by free radicals through mechanisms of covalent binding and lipid peroxidation with subsequent tissue injury. Free radicals cause damage to nucleic acid, proteins, and membrane lipids and have been associated with many aging related problems including carcinogenesis and heart diseases (Halliwell et al, 1992, Wang andJiao, 2000). Peroxidative damage to cell membranes affects the integrity and function of the membrane, compromising the cell's ability to maintain ion gradients and membrane phospholipid asymmetry.…”

Métodos para determinação de atividade antioxidante in vitro em substratos orgânicos

“…A consequente produção de nitrila é acompanhada espectrofotometricamente em 530 nm e a atividade antioxidante é medida pela inibição desta produção. 52 No método utilizado para avaliar a capacidade de inibição da atividade da XO no sistema xantina/xantina oxidase, a atividade é medida pela avaliação da produção do ácido úrico, que é formado juntamente com o radical superóxido, por espectrofotometria em 290 nm. 53 Cos et al 54 utilizaram esta metodologia para avaliar a atividade inibitória de flavonoides sobre a XO, concluindo que flavanonas, di-hidroflavonóis e flavanóis não são capazes de inibir a ação da enzima.…”