Scaling internet routers using optics

Keslassy, Isaac; Chuang, Shang-Tse; Yu, Kyoungsik; Miller, D. H.; Horowitz, Mark; Solgaard, Olav; McKeown, Nick

doi:10.1145/863977.863978

Cited by 34 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…Especially, the wavelength converter that can convert a signal to one of the wavelength in Λ is referred to as FWC. For example, FWC can be expressed as WC( [1], Λ), WC(Λ, [1]) or WC[Λ, Λ]). We also define [i, j] as a subset of ( j − i) wavelengths {λ i , λ i+1 , ..., λ j−1 }, and In current AWG-based nonblocking WXC designs, two different request models have been mainly considered [9], [10], namely the (λ, F, λ , F ) and (λ, F, F ) request models.…”

Section: Wdm Cross-connectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the electronic switch/router technologies are mature and easy to implement, their capacity growth is historically slower than the growth of optical link capacity [1]. Also, the power consumption of network switch/router has exponentially increased beyond the standard acceptable level in past years [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is why there is a renewed interest in optical switch/router architectures, as evident from several ongoing national-scale projects in the US, Europe, and Asia, see, for example, [3]- [5]. Adopting optical switching can not only achieve over 100 Tbit/s or even Pbit/s throughputs [6], but also dramatically reduce the power consumption [1], eliminate the high cost O/E/O conversions and thus make the switching operation independent of bit-rate and protocol. The arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) * * is a very attractive passive device for constructing high-speed largecapacity WDM optical switches, because it can switch fast, is scalable to large size, consumes little power and has less noise accumulation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Routing Nonblocking WDM Switches Based on Arrayed Waveguide Grating

Fukushima

Jiang

Pattavina

et al. 2009

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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SUMMARYArrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is a promising technology for constructing high-speed large-capacity WDM switches, because it can switch fast, is scalable to large size and consumes little power. To take the full advantage of high-speed AWG, the routing control of a massive AWG-based switch should be as simple as possible. In this paper, we focus on the self-routing design of AWG-based switches with O(1) constant routing complexity and propose a novel construction of self-routing AWG switches that can guarantee the attractive nonblocking property for both the wavelength-to-wavelength and wavelength-to-fiber request models. We also fully analyze the proposed design in terms of its blocking property, hardware cost and crosstalk performance and compare it against traditional designs. It is expected that the proposed construction will be useful for the design and all-optical implementation of future ultra high-speed optical packet/burst switches.

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Section: Wdm Cross-connectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Routing Nonblocking WDM Switches Based on Arrayed Waveguide Grating

Fukushima

Jiang

Pattavina

et al. 2009

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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“…Exploring decentralized architectures is in line with both industry and research efforts to improve the scaling of Internet routers. Recent commercial high-performance routers are based on distributed multi-chassis solutions, [ 6], [ 7], and the 100 Tb/s router project at Stanford University [ 5] targets a distributed architecture where line card chassis are connected to an optical switch fabric.…”

Section: Introduction and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control and Forwarding Plane Interaction in Distributed Routers

Hidell

Sjödin

Hagsand

2005

NETWORKING 2005. Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile A

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Abstract. The requirements on IP routers continue to increase, both from the control plane and the forwarding plane perspectives. To improve scalability, flexibility, and availability new ways to build future routers need to be investigated. This paper suggests a decentralized, modular system design for routers, based on control elements for functionalities like routing, and forwarding elements for packet processing. Further, we present measurements on the distribution of large routing tables in an experimental platform consisting of one control element and up to 16 forwarding elements.

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“…A new packet switch family, called Birkhoff-von-Neumann two stage load balancing switch, has been proposed and received much attention [2] [3]. This family of switches do not require a centralized packet scheduler and thus is highly scalable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%