Scalable Fabrication of Flexible Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors with a Wide Operation Voltage utilizing Printable Carbon Film Electrodes

Abstract

The rapid development of portable electronics has put great demand on flexible energy‐storage devices, such as solid‐state supercapacitors (SCs). However, the scalable fabrication of flexible SCs is still an issue. Herein, a simple and low‐temperature route for the scalable fabrication of flexible SCs is presented. First, a printable process is developed to fabricate a carbon film electrode on graphite paper, which serves as the anode. Then, the cathode is fabricated by electrodepositing MnO2 on the carbon film. Utilizing LiCl/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a solid‐state electrolyte, the assembled device exhibits excellent electrochemical performance even in a bent state or under high‐temperature conditions. The operating voltage of the device is extended to 2.0 V. An energy density of 0.766 mWh cm−3, 91.4 % retention of the initial capacitance after 4000 cycles, and stable capacitive behavior at different bent angles can be achieved. At 60 °C, 97.7 % of the initial capacitance is retained after 2000 cycles. This printable process with simple, low‐costing, and low‐temperature features holds promise for applications in the scalable fabrication of flexible carbon‐based SCs.

Novel Integration of Perovskite Solar Cell and Supercapacitor Based on Carbon Electrode for Hybridizing Energy Conversion and Storage

“…Energy generated by the PSC can be stored in the SC and then released as needed. Since the carbon electrodes, which have the merits of easy molding and room-temperature fabrication, ,, are employed both in the PSC and SC devices, we assemble them vertically before drying the carbon counterelectrode of the PSC and obtain a novel integrated power pack. The structural schematic is shown in Figure b, where A and B are the negative and positive electrodes for the integrated device.…”

Multiscale porous graphene oxide network with high packing density for asymmetric supercapacitors

“…The volumetric energy density values are considerably higher than those of recently reported MnO 2 -based ASC devices, such as Fe 2 O 3 @NiCo 2 S 4 //MnO 2 (2.3 W h/L), 49 Co 9 S 8 // Co 3 O 4 @RuO 2 (1.2 W h/L), 50 Fe 2 O 3 @HP-CF//NiCo 2 S 4 @HP-CF (1.0 W h/L), 51 VOS@C//MnO 2 /graphene (0.88 W h/L), 8 and C//MnO 2 @C (0.77 W h/L). 52 Additionally, a maximum average power density of 894.6 W/L was achieved at a current density of 100 mV/s, which is also much higher than recently reported ASCs. 42,45,53,54 The results above unambiguously proved that the MPGP is very promising as a high-performance electrode as well as a good support for pseudocapacitive materials, opening up new opportunities for constructing advanced SCs with highelectrochemical performance per volume.…”

In-Plane Flexible Microsystems Integrated with High-Performance Microsupercapacitors and Photodetectors

“…The shallow slope observed in the low-frequency domain indicates limited ion transport in the gel electrolyte. 33,39 The equivalent series resistance obtained from the intercept of the plot with the real axis is only 20 X cm À2 , which can be attributed to the conductivity of the composites. Long cycling life is another important requirement for supercapacitors.…”

“…Polymeric gel electrolytes formed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ lithium chloride (LiCl) were prepared as described previously. 32,33 PVA/LiCl was fabricated by stirring 10 mL DI water, 2.0 g LiCl (Sigma-Aldrich), and 1.0 g PVA (M w = 50,000 g mol À1 , Aldrich No. 34158-4) at 80°C overnight.…”