Saussurea lappa plant rhizome extract-based zinc oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and its antibacterial, antifungal activities and cytotoxic studies against Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines

Abstract

The plant extracts are known for their anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial properties. The use of plant extracts in the preparation of bio-materials increases their biological application. In this concern, herein reporting an eco-friendly procedure which is also a simple and cost effective, for the synthesis of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using Saussurea lappa plant root (rhizome) extract as a fuel. The prepared nanoparticles were confirmed using various characterization techniques. The Dynamic light scattering data showed 123.5 nm particle size with -99.9 mv zeta potential which indicates excellent stability of the particles. The peak at 541 cm À1 in the IR spectrum is assigned to the stretching frequency of the zinc-binding to oxygen. The X-ray diffraction peaks confirm the close association with JCPDS Data Card No: 36-1451. The FESEM data revealed a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a hexagonal shape of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. The antibacterial studies indicate the gram-negative strains showed better inhibition activity than gram-positive strains. Among Fungal strains, Aspergillus niger and flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizopus oryzae showed good inhibition activity at higher concentrations. The cytotoxic data indicates the 5 μg/mL of the ZnO particles showed cytotoxicity on the CHO cell line and with IC 50 value 3.164 AE 0.8956 μg/mL.

Green Synthesis, Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Examination of Properties for Dye-Sensitive Solar Cells Using Various Vegetable Extracts

“…Nanoparticles exhibit a wide range of magnetic and optoelectronic properties that are influenced by their size and form distribution, as well as their composition. Due to the fact that this technique of synthesis eliminates the need for harmful chemicals, as well as its ease and environmental friendliness, the synthesis of nanoparticles employing vegetable extract is becoming increasingly popular [3][4][5]. In addition to its unique characteristics and high excitonic binding energy, zinc oxide (ZnO) is used in this application [1][2][3][4][5].…”

“…It is routinely possible to synthesize ZnO NPs using various methods, including but not limited to hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol-gel, direct oxidation, chemical vapour deposition (CVD), electrodeposition (ED), sonochemical, chemical bath deposition (CBD), microwave, and other approaches [5]. These approaches, on the other hand, are expensive, hazardous, and unfriendly to the natural environment.…”

The exploration of bio-inspired copper oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and in-vitro biological investigations

“…To a 100 ml of distilled water added 1 gm of seed powder, then boiled at 70 °C for about 30 min, cooled, filtered, and store at 4 °C in the refrigerator for further use. The root extract of the Saussurea-lappa plant was prepared following the procedure described by the same group [ 51 ].…”

“…From the literature survey, it is observed that the Ocimum species used for the synthesis of silver [ 42 , 43 ], gold [ 44 ], platinum [ 45 ], copper [ 46 ] and zinc [ 47 ] oxide nanomaterials. Saussurea lappa plant rhizome extract was utilized in the synthesis of silver [ 48 ], magnesium [ 49 ] selenium [ 50 ], and zinc oxide [ 51 ] nanoparticles but no literature on the synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. In addition, best of our knowledge, there is no literature available on the synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles using a mixture of both Ocimum sanctum and Saussurea lappa plant extracts.…”

“…In addition, best of our knowledge, there is no literature available on the synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles using a mixture of both Ocimum sanctum and Saussurea lappa plant extracts. In the view of the above and continuity of our work on the synthesis of nanomaterials using Saussurea lappa plant extract [ 51 ], and also medicinally important copper oxide nanoparticles [ 52 ] herein reporting the synthesis of copper nanoparticles and their antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic studies.…”