Satiety related to 24 h diet-induced thermogenesis during high protein/carbohydrate vs high fat diets measured in a respiration chamber

Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S.; Rolland, Valérie; Wilson, S. A. J.; Westerterp, K.R.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600782

Cited by 292 publications

(264 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The increase in 24 h DIT not only concerned the absolute value, but also the relative value, ie the percentage of total EI. At both ambient temperatures the macronutrient composition of the food was the same, and FQ was the same, so this could not have affected the DIT (Westerterp-Plantenga et al, 1999). Since the difference in DIT cannot completely be explained by the difference in EI, we suggest that the remainder of the increased DIT might have been its facultative component, contributing to preventing a greater decrease in core body temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The intercept of the regression line, at the offset of the radar, thus at zero physical activity, represents the EE in the inactive state: resting EE (RMR), consisting of SMR and DIT. DIT was calculated by subtracting SMR from RMR (Ravussin et al, 1986;Pannemans et al, 1995;Westerterp-Plantenga et al, 1999); activity-induced energy expenditure (AEE) by subtracting RMR from total EE (Ravussin et al, 1986;Pannemans et al, 1995;Westerterp-Plantenga et al, 1999), AEE was also expressed as a function of radar output. The individual radar output, corrected for the offset-point was compared between the two environmental temperatures; PAL as 24 h EE=SMR; RQ as volume CO 2 =volume O 2 ; FQ (Food Quotient) as volume CO 2 =volume O 2 , when the food consumed is oxidized completely; for FQ O 2 consumption (l=day) ¼ 0.966 Â protein intake (g) þ 2.019 Â fat intake (g) þ 0.829 Â CHO intake (g).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(anchored: very weak=very strong). During the days when the subjects were fed in EB, appetite was described by VAS (Westerterp-Plantenga et al, 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studying DIT under a lowered ambient temperature condition also necessitates accounting for possible EI adaptation (Ravussin et al, 1986;Pannemans et al, 1995;Westerterp-Plantenga et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy metabolism in humans at a lowered ambient temperature

et al. 2002

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Objective: Assessment of the effect of a lowered ambient temperature, ie 16 C (61 F), compared to 22 C (72 F), on energy intake (EI), energy expenditure (EE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) in men. Design: Randomized within-subject design in which subjects stayed in a respiration chamber three times for 60 h each, once at 22 C, and twice at 16 C, wearing standardized clothing, executing a standardized daily activities protocol, and were fed in energy balance (EBI): no significant difference between EE and EI over 24 h). During the last 24 h at 22 C, and once during the last 24 h at 16 C, they were fed ad libitum. Subjects: Nine dietary unrestrained male subjects (ages 24 AE 5 y, body mass index (BMI) 22.7 AE 2.1 kg=m 2 , body weight 76.2 AE 9.4 kg, height 1.83 AE 0.06 m, 18 AE 5% body fat). Results: At 16 C (EB), EE (total 24 h EE) was increased to 12.9 AE 2.0 MJ=day as compared to 12.2 AE 2.2 MJ=day at 22 C (P < 0.01). The increase was due to increases in sleeping metabolic rate (SMR; the lowest EE during three consecutive hours with hardly any movements as indicated by radar): 7.6 AE 0.7 vs 7.2 AE 0.7 MJ=day (P < 0.05) and diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT; EE-SMR, when activity induced energy expenditure as indicated by radar ¼ 0): 1.7 AE 0.4 vs 1.0 AE 0.4 MJ=day (P < 0.01). Physical activity level (PAL; EE=SMR) was 1.63 -1.68. At 16 C compared to at 22 C, rectal, proximal and distal skin temperatures had decreased (P < 0.01). RQ was not different between the two ambient temperature situations. During ad libitum feeding, subjects overate by 32 AE 12% (at 22 C) and by 34 AE 14% (at 16 C). Under these circumstances, the decrease of rectal temperature at 16 C was attenuated, and inversely related to percentage overeating (r 2 ¼ 0.7; P < 0.01). Conclusion:We conclude that at 16 C, compared to 22 C, energy metabolism was increased, due to increases in SMR and DIT. Overeating under ad libitum circumstances at 16 C attenuated the decrease in rectal core body temperature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(anchored: very weak=very strong). During the days when the subjects were fed in EB, appetite was described by VAS (Westerterp-Plantenga et al, 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy metabolism in humans at a lowered ambient temperature

et al. 2002

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“…) which is shown in Fig. 4 (Westerterp-Plantenga et al 1999a). Obviously, if it happens, it takes time for the appetite to adjust to the changes in energy expenditure.…”

Section: Ambient Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of extreme environments on food intake in human subjects

Westerterp-Plantenga

1999

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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fax +31 43 3670976, email M.Westerterp@HB. Unimaas.nl Effects of extreme environments on food intake in human subjects are analysed as behavioural and physiological adaptations to annual and circadian rhythms, temperature and altitude. Effects of the environment on food intake through food availability have direct consequences on energy balance and body weight. Different geographical regions show variations in the composition of dietary foods, i.e. the relative proportions of carbohydrate, protein and fat. In developing countries the annual cycle appears to affect body weight through dependence on food availability. In WestEuropean countries this effect appears to depend on physical activity. Energy and macronutrient intakes appear to follow a circadian pattern, with breakfast being relatively high in carbohydrate and dinner being relatively high in fat. In cold conditions, maintaining an adequate food intake is important in sustaining normal physiological responses to cold. Evidence for a possible coldinduced increase in appetite is poor. A condition influencing level of intake is the palatability of the food. High altitude, i.e. hypobaric hypoxia, appears to reduce appetite, energy intake and body mass, irrespective of acute mountain sickness (AMS). Meal size is reduced and meal frequency increased. Under circumstances of AMS, dissociation between appetite and hunger occurs. Thus, spontaneous adaptation to extreme environments requiring increased energy intake occurs first by adaptation of body weight to a new energy balance. In general, prevention of a negative energy balance occurs by learning with respect to food intake. After return to normal, adjustment of energy intake to the original energy balance occurs with restoration of body weight. Energy balance: Body weight: Hypobaric hypoxia: Macronutrients: Seasonal effectsThe environment: biotic and abiotic factors Ecologically, the environment is characterized by abiotic and biotic factors. The fluctuations, range and interplay of these factors at a certain place determine the habitat of an individual (Bakker et al. 1995). Abiotic factors include temperature, humidity, pressure and day length, also represented by climate, altitude and latitude. Ambient temperature and humidity mainly depend on latitude and a more terrestrial or marine situation, pressure mainly depends on altitude. The abiotic factors day length and rhythmicity depend on latitude.Biotic factors are represented by the other organisms that are present in the same habitat. Their roles range from providing food, shelter or clothing, to being a predator. Distribution and abundance of organisms in a certain habitat are determined by biotic and abiotic factors, as well as by their interplay (Lack, 1954). Adaptation to the environment may take place to a certain extent, and over shorter or longer periods of time, since adaptation can be behavioural, physiological or genetic (Krebs & Davis, 1978;van Rhijn & Westerterp-Plantenga, 1989;Bakker et al. 1995).As such, an ecosystem is dynamic rather than...

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