SARS-CoV-2 infection and stem cells: Interaction and intervention

Yu, F.; Jia, Rufu; Tang, Yongyong; Liu, Jin; Wei, Benjie

doi:10.1016/j.scr.2020.101859

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…While it has been speculated that stem cells may play a role in SARS-CoV-2 and other zoonoses' resistance, prior research has focused on different stem cell involvement than stem-cell growth factorbeta (Yu, 2020) (Golchin, 2020) (Chrzanowski, 2020). Previous research has also established that stem cells can inhibit viral growth by expressing interferon-gamma stimulated genes (ISGs) and have been particularly effective against influenza A H5N1 virus and resulting lung injuries (Wu, 2018) (Chan, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A machine learning explanation of the pathogen-immune relationship of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), model to predict immunity, and therapeutic opportunity

Luellen

2020

Preprint

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Asymptomatic people infected during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have outnumbered symptomatic people by an approximate ratio of 4:1 with little understanding to date as to why; therefore, they have been difficult to identify. Moreover, studies indicate that most asymptomatic virus-positive patients are infectious, thereby creating a new public health danger via a plethora of "silent spreaders." This data science study identified four novel discoveries that may significantly impact our understanding of the pathogen-immune relationship: (1) Spearman rho correlation coefficients and associated P-values identified 33 of 55 common immune factors have statistically significant associations with SARS-CoV-2 morbidity, their direction (+/-) and strength to inform research and therapies; (2) five machine learning algorithms were applied to 74 observations of these 33 immunological variables and identified three models of prognostic biomarkers that can classify and predict who will be asymptomatic or symptomatic if infected with 94.8% to 100% accuracy; (3) a random forest of 200 decision trees ordinally ranked the 33 statistically significant independent predictor variables by their relative importance in predicting SARS-CoV-2 symptoms; and, (4) three different decision-tree algorithms separately identified and validated three immunological biomarkers and levels that nearly always differentiate asymptomatic patients: SCGF-Beta; (> 127637), IL-16 (> 45), and M-CSF (> 57). The implications of these findings are they indicate a tool that can identify in advance the 20% of people who are at higher risk of morbidity from infection and suggests a specific stem-cell factor for therapeutics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A machine learning explanation of the pathogen-immune relationship of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), model to predict immunity, and therapeutic opportunity

Luellen

2020

Preprint

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“…Nowadays, the COVID-19 pandemic represents a public health emergency and has prompted an urgent need for novel or alternative therapies [5,103,105,[123][124][125][126][127]. Almost every patient with COVID-19 presents with lung involvement, whereas severe complications, such as ARDS, are only observed in a subgroup of severe patients.…”

Section: Future Directions Of Msc-based Therapies For Covid-19 and Otmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, intravenously infused MSCs become trapped in the lung. In the case of COVID-19, this fact may be beneficial as the lung is the primary organ affected by SARS-CoV-2 [5,103,105,[123][124][125][126][127].…”

Section: Future Directions Of Msc-based Therapies For Covid-19 and Otmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, several challenges still have to be addressed, especially MSC dosing and timing of administration, since an exacerbated immunosuppression may have the reverse effect [5,103,105,[123][124][125][126][127]. The MSC-based clinical trials should be carefully designed (randomized; placebocontrolled; large patient cohorts) to ensure that the results will be effective, accurate, trustworthy and significant.…”

Section: Future Directions Of Msc-based Therapies For Covid-19 and Otmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Viral Infections: Implications for COVID-19

Rocha

Oliveira

Noronha

et al. 2020

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) constitute a heterogeneous population of stromal cells with immunomodulatory and regenerative properties that support their therapeutic use. MSCs isolated from many tissue sources replicate vigorously in vitro and maintain their main biological properties allowing their widespread clinical application. To date, most MSC-based preclinical and clinical trials targeted immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, MSCs have antiviral properties and have been used in the treatment of various viral infections in the last years. Here, we revised in detail the biological properties of MSCs and their preclinical and clinical applications in viral diseases, including the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19). Notably, rapidly increasing numbers of MSC-based therapies for COVID-19 have recently been reported. MSCs are theoretically capable of reducing inflammation and promote lung regeneration in severe COVID-19 patients. We critically discuss the rationale, advantages and disadvantages of MSC-based therapies for viral infections and also specifically for COVID-19 and point out some directions in this field. Finally, we argue that MSC-based therapy may be a promising therapeutic strategy for severe COVID-19 and other emergent respiratory tract viral infections, beyond the viral infection diseases in which MSCs have already been clinically applied.

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“… 48-52 In addition, it is too early to suggest that MSCs are safe to use in patients with COVID-19 and requires further confirmation. 53 , 54 …”

Section: Clinical Use Of Mscs In Covid-19: Paucity Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cells in COVID-19: A Journey from Bench to Bedside

Sahu

Siddiqui

Černý

2020

Laboratory Medicine

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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a major setback in both the health and economic sectors across the globe. The scale of the problem is enormous because we still do not have any specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral agent or vaccine. The human immune system has never been exposed to this novel virus, so the viral interactions with the human immune system are completely naive. New approaches are being studied at various levels, including animal in vitro models and human-based studies, to contain the COVID-19 pandemic as soon as possible. Many drugs are being tested for repurposing, but so far only remdesivir has shown some positive benefits based on preliminary reports, but these results also need further confirmation via ongoing trials. Otherwise, no other agents have shown an impactful response against COVID-19. Recently, research exploring the therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in critically ill patients suffering from COVID-19 has gained momentum. The patients belonging to this subset are most likely beyond the point where they could benefit from an antiviral therapy because most of their illness at this stage of disease is driven by inflammatory (over)response of the immune system. In this review, we discuss the potential of MSCs as a therapeutic option for patients with COVID-19, based on the encouraging results from the preliminary data showing improved outcomes in the progression of COVID-19 disease.

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SARS-CoV-2 infection and stem cells: Interaction and intervention

Cited by 30 publications

References 59 publications

A machine learning explanation of the pathogen-immune relationship of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), model to predict immunity, and therapeutic opportunity

A machine learning explanation of the pathogen-immune relationship of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), model to predict immunity, and therapeutic opportunity

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Viral Infections: Implications for COVID-19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells in COVID-19: A Journey from Bench to Bedside

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