Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Viral Infections: Implications for COVID-19

Rocha, José Lucas Martins; Oliveira, Waldir César Ferreira de; Noronha, N. C. Nadia de Cassia; Santos, N.C.; Covas, Dimas Tadeu; Picanço‐Castro, Virgínia; Swiech, Kamilla; Malmegrim, Kelen Cristina Ribeiro

doi:10.1007/s12015-020-10032-7

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(261 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…MSCs may prevent the development of SARS-CoV-2-induced lung injury and ARDS by inducing the generation of immunosuppressive phenotypes in lung-infiltrated inflammatory cells ( Figure 2 ) [ 32 ]. MSC-sourced hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), IL-10 and TGF-β act synergistically to induce the generation of alternatively activated, anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes in alveolar macrophages [ 33 ].…”

Section: Mscs and Their Secretomes As Potentially New Therapeutic Agents In The Treatment Of Sars-cov-2-induced Lung Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to their immunoregulatory characteristics, the beneficial effects of MSCs in attenuation of SARS-CoV-2-induced lung injury could be attributed to their angio-modulatory properties, as well [ 32 , 33 ]. After engraftment in ischemic tissues, MSCs produce pro-angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), PDGF, angiopoietin-1 and placental growth factor), which induce the proliferation of endothelial cells, preventing ischemia-induced injury [ 33 ].…”

Section: Mscs and Their Secretomes As Potentially New Therapeutic Agents In The Treatment Of Sars-cov-2-induced Lung Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Treatment of Viral Diseases

Harrell¹,

Jovicić

Djonov

et al. 2021

Pathogens

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult, immunomodulatory stem cells which reside in almost all postnatal tissues. Viral antigens and damage-associated molecular patterns released from injured and infected cells activate MSCs, which elicit strong antiviral immune response. MSC-sourced interferons and inflammatory cytokines modulate the cytotoxicity of NK cells and CTLs, enhance the antigen-presentation properties of DCs and macrophages, regulate cytokine synthesis in CD4+ T helper cells and promote antibody production in B cells. After the elimination of viral pathogens, MSCs produce immunoregulatory cytokines and trophic factors, prevent the over-activation of immune cells and promote tissue repair and regeneration. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the MSC-dependent elimination of virus-infected cells, and we emphasize the therapeutic potential of MSCs and their secretomes in the treatment of viral diseases.

show abstract

Section: Mscs and Their Secretomes As Potentially New Therapeutic Agents In The Treatment Of Sars-cov-2-induced Lung Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mscs and Their Secretomes As Potentially New Therapeutic Agents In The Treatment Of Sars-cov-2-induced Lung Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Treatment of Viral Diseases

Harrell¹,

Jovicić

Djonov

et al. 2021

Pathogens

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is due to the presence of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) which could block the virus from entering the cells. In addition, MSCs also express indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) that leads to the decrease of viral production [58]. Additionally, MSCs also promoted the regeneration of alveolar epithelial type II cells and prevented apoptosis through growth factors KGF, VEGF, and HGF [59].…”

Section: Msc Mechanism In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potency of Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Its Secretome in Treating COVID-19

Chouw

Milanda

Sartika³

et al. 2021

Regen. Eng. Transl. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COVID-19 disease, which is caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has affected the world by increasing the mortality rate in 2020. Currently, there is no definite treatment for COVID-19 patients. Several clinical trials have been proposed to overcome this disease and many are still under investigation. In this review, we will be focusing on the potency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived secretome for treating COVID-19 patients. Fever, cough, headache, dizziness, and fatigue are the common clinical manifestations in COVID-19 patients. In mild and severe cases, cytokines are released hyper-actively which causes a cytokine storm leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In order to maintain the lung microenvironment in COVID-19 patients, MSCs are used as cell-based therapy approaches as they can act as cell managers which accelerate the immune system to prevent the cytokine storm and promote endogenous repair. Besides, MSCs have shown minimal expression of ACE2 or TMPRSS2, and hence, MSCs are free from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Numerous clinical studies have started worldwide and demonstrated that MSCs have great potential for ARDS treatment in COVID-19 patients. Preliminary data have shown that MSCs and MSC-derived secretome appear to be promising in the treatment of COVID-19. Lay Summary The COVID-19 disease is an infection disease which affects the world in 2020. Currently, there is no definite treatment for COVID-19 patients. However, several clinical trials have been proposed to overcome this disease and one of them is using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived secretome for treating COVID-19 patients. During the infection, cytokines are released hyper-actively which causes a cytokine storm. MSCs play an important role in maintaining the lung microenvironment in COVID-19 patients. They can act as cell managers which accelerate the immune system to prevent the cytokine storm and promote the endogenous repair. Therefore, it is important to explore the clinical trial in the world for treating the COVID-19 disease using MSCs and MSC-derived secretome.

show abstract

“…To date, there are more than 22 clinical studies based on the use of MSC derived from umbilical cord blood, Wharton's jelly, bone marrow, dental pulp, or other human origins. In addition, two clinical trials based on MSC-derived exosomes are also registered in this regard [125] (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04276987 accessed on 23 January 2021, https: //clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04491240 accessed on 23 January 2021, http://www. chictr.org.cn/ accessed on 23 January 2021).…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-based Therapy For Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The C-reactive protein (CRP), pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, and IL-6 decreased, while the anti-inflammatory protein interleukin-10 was elevated [ 127 ]. It is believed that most of the beneficial effects of MSC-based therapy are attributed to their immunomodulatory, regenerative, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties, ultimately leading to lung regeneration [ 125 ].…”

Section: Treatment Strategies For Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental and Advanced Therapies, Vaccine Development against SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been affecting the world since the end of 2019. The severity of the disease can range from an asymptomatic or mild course to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with respiratory failure, which may lead to death. Since the outbreak of the pandemic, scientists around the world have been studying the genome and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection to develop effective therapies and prevention. In this review, we summarize the progressive development of various treatments and vaccines as they have emerged, a year after the outbreak of the pandemic. Initially for COVID-19, patients were recommended drugs with presumed antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects that were previously used to treat other diseases. Thereafter, therapeutic interventions were supplemented with promising approaches based on antibodies, peptides, and stem cells. However, licensed COVID-19 vaccines remain the most effective weapon in combating the pandemic. While there is an enormous effort to enhance the vaccination rate to increase the entire population immunity, the production and delivery of vaccines is becoming limited in several countries. In this regard, there are new challenges needing to be addressed by combining non-pharmacological intervention with effective therapies until vaccination is accessible to all.

show abstract

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Viral Infections: Implications for COVID-19

Cited by 30 publications

References 131 publications

Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Treatment of Viral Diseases

Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Treatment of Viral Diseases

Potency of Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Its Secretome in Treating COVID-19

Fundamental and Advanced Therapies, Vaccine Development against SARS-CoV-2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About