San Francisco Monastery, Quito, Equador: characterisation of building materials, damage assessment and conservation considerations

Moropoulou, Α.; Polikreti, Kyriaki; Ruf, Veronica; Deodatis, George

doi:10.1016/s1296-2074(03)00021-9

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In literature, several studies can be found regarding the compositions and properties of mortars for repairs, with an increasing interest in the use of pure lime and hydraulic lime mortars [3][4][5]. As a matter of fact, the incompatibility of the cement based mortars and ancient masonry has been clearly established due the presence of soluble salts, which can be dangerous for the original materials [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of age and level of damage on the autogenous healing of lime mortars

Nardi

Cecchi

Ferrara

et al. 2017

Composites Part B: Engineering

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Natural hydraulic lime-based mortars are recommended for retrofitting operations in historical buildings, primarily because of their high chemical-physical and mechanical compatibility; moreover, because their autogenous and engineering self-healing capacities. This work proposes a methodology to quantify the autogenous self-healing in terms of recovery of the compression strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity in samples made of natural hydraulic lime mortars; specimens were pre-cracked at different ages (14 -84 days) and levels of damage (70% of the compression strength in pre-peak regime; 90% of the compression strength in post-peak regime), and then cured under water up to 28 days. The capacity of healing after two loading/healing cycles has been also investigated. An interdisciplinary approach has been pursued characterising the mechanical aspects of the healing and the chemical nature of the products via SEM/EDS analyses. The results have provided useful indication about the dependence of the self-healing capacity on the aforementioned variables. Keywordsautogenous self-healing, compressive strength, UPV, lime-based mortar Manuscript region of origin Europe Corresponding AuthorCristina De Nardi Authors, active in the self-healing materials fields, have been recently published in a proceedings conference, non-indexed periodical; however the authors ensure that no data or results in the manuscript has been published before in any form. Order of AuthorsIn this paper, we report on dependency of autogenous self-healing capacity of lime-based mortars on different variables: age and level of damage. An interdisciplinary approach has been pursued characterising the mechanical aspects of the healing and the chemical nature of the products via SEM/EDS analyses.It is authors' belief that only the analysis of the whole set of results, as presented in the manuscript we are submitting for publication, can allow a clear understanding of the autogenous healing phenomenon.Thank you for receiving our manuscript and considering it for review. We appreciate your time and look forward to your response.Yours sincerely Cristina De Nardi This work proposes a methodology to quantify the autogenous self-healing in terms of recovery of the compression strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity in samples made of natural hydraulic lime mortars; specimens were pre-cracked at different ages (14 -84 days) and levels of damage (70% of the compression strength in pre-peak regime; 90% of the compression strength in post-peak regime), and then cured under water up to 28 days.The capacity of healing after two loading/healing cycles has been also investigated.An interdisciplinary approach has been pursued characterising the mechanical aspects of the healing and the chemical nature of the products via SEM/EDS analyses.The results have provided useful indication about the dependence of the self-healing capacity on the aforementioned variables.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of age and level of damage on the autogenous healing of lime mortars

Nardi

Cecchi

Ferrara

et al. 2017

Composites Part B: Engineering

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“…The use of lime mortars in restoration of historical buildings has been described in several previous works [1]. In this research, the mechanical behavior of aerial lime and hydraulic limebased mortars has been studied [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional changes in lime-based mortars exposed to different environments

2005

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Specimens of aerial and hydraulic lime-based mortars to be used in restoration works were prepared, hardened and subjected to different environments to study their compositional changes during setting, hardening and exposure to environment. Outside exposure, weathering cycles in a climatic chamber, SO 2 -rich environment and indoor exposure (as control group) were selected to expose the mortars. XRD, FTIR and TG-DTA analyses were performed at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition, as well as the formation of the degradation products. Outside and SO 2 -chamber exposures and increasing the relative humidity allowed faster carbonation (enhancing CO 2 (g) dissolution) and hydration of hydraulic compounds. In SO 2 -chamber, sulfate attack appears as a surface phenomenon, giving: gypsum in aerial specimens and gypsum and syngenite in hydraulic specimens.

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“…Mechanical behavior of granite is of interest in different fields, from restoration of cultural heritage monuments to underground engineering and excavation works [9,10]. AE has been used for monitoring the fracture and localizing the sources.…”

Section: Testing Of Granitementioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture monitoring by acoustic emission: recent applications of parameter-based characterization

Aggelis

Blom²,

Sutter

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures

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The present paper describes a collection of fracture monitoring cases in different materials. The cases examined include bending of textile reinforced cement (TRC), hybrid concrete-TRC lightweight beams, granite, additive manufacturing metal components, combined loading of human femur bone and pull-out in reinforced concrete. In all cases the basic role is played by acoustic emission (AE). It is shown that certain waveform parameters exhibit strong sensitivity to the rate of fracture as well as the dominant fracture mode. Parameters like frequency content and the duration of the signals supply real time trends that in the present cases are verified by optical techniques. It is concluded that AE supplies important information and allows the prediction of how the material will behave based on the initial AE recordings and before serious damage is inflicted. AE shows a very broad application range; however, the contribution of combination with other techniques is highlighted in order to increase the reliability of the interpretation of AE results.

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San Francisco Monastery, Quito, Equador: characterisation of building materials, damage assessment and conservation considerations

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of age and level of damage on the autogenous healing of lime mortars

Effect of age and level of damage on the autogenous healing of lime mortars

Compositional changes in lime-based mortars exposed to different environments

Fracture monitoring by acoustic emission: recent applications of parameter-based characterization

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