Sample preparation methods for subsequent determination of metals and non-metals in crude oil—A review

Mello, Paola A.; Pereira, Juliana S.F.; Mesko, Márcia F.; Barin, Juliano Smanioto; Flores, Érico M.M.

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2012.08.009

Cited by 124 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…In last years, more attention has been done to the determination of trace elements in crude oils and several studies have been proposed with this concern, as discussed in recent reviews [1][2][3]. The knowledge of concentration of metals is important to classify crude oils, making possible to differentiate similarities and to predict new reserves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-induced combustion of crude oil for further rare earth elements determination by USN–ICP-MS

Pereira

Mello

et al. 2014

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-induced combustion of crude oil for further rare earth elements determination by USN–ICP-MS

Pereira

Mello

et al. 2014

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…A determinação de metais em frações de petróleo pode ser feita empregando técnicas de espectrometria atômica, tais como a espectrometria de absorção atômica com chama (FAAS), 10 a espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno de grafite (GFAAS), 11 a espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-OES) 12,13 e a espectrometria de massa com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS). 6,14 No caso da ICP-OES, esta técnica tem sido adotada em vista de sua capacidade multielementar de análise e limites de detecção relativamente baixos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Contudo, esta etapa representa um desafio, uma vez que ambos os materiais, RAT e RV, são muito difíceis de serem decompostos por sistemas convencionais por via úmida, mesmo aqueles operando sob alta temperatura e pressão e com o uso de ácidos concentrados. 5,13 Apesar destas limitações, a digestão por via úmida assistida por radiação micro-ondas (MAWD) 15 em sistema fechado tem sido utilizada para a decomposição de RAT e RV. Entretanto, dependendo da eficiência de decomposição, os digeridos obtidos podem apresentar interferências espectrais nas técnicas com fontes de plasma, principalmente aquelas relacionadas a elevados teores de carbono residual e elevada acidez dos digeridos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Simultaneous Determination of Metals and Sulfur in Crude Oil Distillation Residues by Icp-Oes

Druzian¹,

Giesbrecht²,

Rosa³

et al. 2016

Química Nova

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, VR) using microwave-induced combustion (MIC) was developed for simultaneous determination of metals (Ba, Co, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni and V) and sulfur by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Samples were wrapped in polyethylene films and combusted using 20 bar of oxygen. Nitric acid solutions were evaluated using 5 min of reflux after combustion. Accuracy was evaluated using certified reference material and comparison with the results obtained by microwave-assisted wet digestion (MAWD). No statistical difference was observed between the certified values and those obtained using MIC as well as between the values obtained using MAWD or MIC. In spite of both methods have been apparently suitable for crude oil digestion, MIC was preferable in view of the possibility of using 3 mol L -1 HNO 3 as absorbing solution. Furthermore, it is important to notice that using MIC, C content in digests was lower than 10 mg L -1 , preventing interferences in ICP-OES. In addition, the simultaneous digestion of eight samples was possible in less than 30 min and without using concentrated acids and/or longer heating times, making the proposed method well-suited for routine analysis.Keywords: crude oil fractions, crude oil distillation residues, microwave-assisted digestion, microwave-induced combustion, ICP-OES. INTRODUÇÃOO resíduo de destilação atmosférico (RAT) e o resíduo de destilação a vácuo (RV) são oriundos do processo de destilação do petróleo, possuindo ponto de ebulição de cerca de 340 e 540 ºC, respectivamente.1,2 Apesar de tais frações serem, majoritariamente, constituídas por hidrocarbonetos, também estão presentes compostos contendo N, O e S, bem como metais, 3,4 cuja concentração varia em função da origem do petróleo. Como consequência, tais elementos podem ser transferidos a outras frações durante o processamento, causando a contaminação de produtos finais. 5,6 O RAT, por exemplo, pode ser usado como matéria--prima para a produção de combustíveis ou transferido para a unidade de destilação a vácuo. 2,7,8 O resíduo desse processo (RV) 1,8 é comumente utilizado na produção de asfalto e coque de petróleo 6 , o qual pode ter sua qualidade prejudicada caso haja a presença de constituintes metálicos ou de S. Efeitos nocivos sobre os catalisadores utilizados em processos industriais, além da contribuição para a poluição ambiental, estão entre os problemas ocasionados pela presença de metais e S em RAT e RV. 1,8,9 Dessa forma, considerando a possibilidade desses elementos serem incorporados nas frações após o refino e poderem ser transferidos aos produtos finais, torna-se importante a determinação rotineira de metais e S no RAT e no RV.A determinação de metais em frações de petróleo pode ser feita empregando técnicas de espectrometria atômica, tais como a espectrometria de absorção atômica com chama (FAAS), 10 a espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno de grafite (GFAAS), 11 a espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-OES) 12,13 e a espectrometria de massa com plasma ...

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“…An aliquot of 1 mL of each extract was subjected to analysis. Saturated hydrocarbon fractions were eluted with nhexane, and then analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) (Mello et al, 2012;Di Gregorio et al, 2014;Ramsey et al, 2014;Adhikari et al, 2015).…”

Section: Extraction and Instrumental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of diagnostic ratios of medium and serious weathered oils from five different oil sources

Wang

et al. 2016

Acta Oceanol. Sin.

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Laboratory experiments were conducted to simulate oil weathering process, a medium to long term weathering process for 210-d, using samples collected from five different oil resources. Based on relative deviation and repeatability limit analysis about indexes of these samples, the results show there had been significant changes in diagnostic ratios among the initial and weathered samples of different oils during this process. Changes of selected n-alkane diagnostic ratios of all oil samples displayed more obviously than diagnostic ratios of terpanes, steranes and PAHs in this process. Almost all selected diagnostic ratios of terpanes, steranes and PAHs can be efficiently used in tracking sources of hydrocarbon pollution, differentiating from the n-alkane diagnostic ratios. In these efficient diagnostic ratios, only four ratios maintained good stability in the weathering processes and are more suitable because their relative deviation (RSD) are lower than 5%.Key words: identification of spilled oils, medium to long term weathering process, simulation experiment, biomarker ratios Citation: He Shijie, Wang Chuanyuan, Li Yantai, Yu Hongjun, Han Bin. 2016. Evaluation of diagnostic ratios of medium and serious weathered oils from five different oil sources. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 35(4): 1-8,

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Sample preparation methods for subsequent determination of metals and non-metals in crude oil—A review

Cited by 124 publications

References 158 publications

Microwave-induced combustion of crude oil for further rare earth elements determination by USN–ICP-MS

Microwave-induced combustion of crude oil for further rare earth elements determination by USN–ICP-MS

Simultaneous Determination of Metals and Sulfur in Crude Oil Distillation Residues by Icp-Oes

Evaluation of diagnostic ratios of medium and serious weathered oils from five different oil sources

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