Salt Effects on Liquid–Liquid Equilibria of Water + Phenol + (Propan-2-yl) Benzene + Salts Systems

Asrami, Mahdieh Razi; Saien, Javad

doi:10.1021/acs.jced.8b01202

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The presence of salts in the membrane has an important effect on membrane stability [ 22 , 23 ]. Membrane stability was predicted by looking at the effect of increasing the NaNO 3 salt concentration.…”

Section: Results and Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and Evaluation of Polymer Inclusion Membranes Based on PVC Containing Copoly-EDVB 4% as a Carrier for the Removal of Phenol Solutions

et al. 2022

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Polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) is a method for separating liquid membranes into thin, stable, and flexible film forms. In this study, the PIM was made using polyvinyl chloride (PVC), dibenzyl ether (DBE), and 4% copoly-eugenol divinyl benzene (co-EDVB) as a supporting polymer, plasticizer, and carrier compound, respectively. Furthermore, a phenol transport test was carried out using the parameters of pH influence, the effect of NaOH concentration, and transport time. The PIM membrane was also evaluated using the parameters affecting the concentration of plasticizer, the effect of salt concentration, and the lifetime of the PIM membrane. The results show that the optimum pH obtained to transport phenol to the receiving phase was 5.5, with a concentration of 0.1 M of the NaOH receiving phase and a transport time of 72 h. Furthermore, it was found that the use of plasticizers and salts affected the ability and resistance of the membranes. The membrane lifetime increased up to 60 days with the addition of 0.1 M NaNO3 or NaCl salt in the source phase.

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Section: Results and Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and Evaluation of Polymer Inclusion Membranes Based on PVC Containing Copoly-EDVB 4% as a Carrier for the Removal of Phenol Solutions

et al. 2022

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“…Recent other works, in this regard, include the work by Chen et al who performed a comparative study on using NaCl, KCl, and Na 2 SO 4 for extracting phenol from the aqueous phase with methyl isobutyl ketone at temperatures of 333.15 and 343.15 K. The salting-out effect was appeared in the order of Na 2 SO 4 > NaCl > KCl. Our recent investigation on the equilibrium behavior of the water + phenol + cumene system showed salting-out effect in the order of MgSO 4 > Na 2 SO 4 > NaCl with the highest separation factor enhancement of 238.55% with MgSO 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Equilibrium behavior of ternary systems can be remarkably altered with the presence of salts in the aqueous phase. 12 The presence of salts in industrial waters has persuaded investigators to the consider "salting-out" effect in LLE, which is attributed to decreasing the solubility of the extracting solute from the aqueous phase due to capturing water molecules. Salt structure, charge density, ion size, and dielectric constant have notable contributions in this regard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our recent investigation on the equilibrium behavior of the water + phenol + cumene system showed salting-out effect in the order of MgSO 4 > Na 2 SO 4 > NaCl with the highest separation factor enhancement of 238.55% with MgSO 4 . 12 The present work aims to investigate the extractive ability of (propan-2-yl) benzene (cumene) solvent for separating cyclopentanone from the aqueous phase. Cumene is a recommended solvent with rather mild properties (low viscosity, density, vapor pressure, and flammability).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature and Salt Effects on the Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium of the Water + Cyclopentanone + (Propan-2-yl) Benzene System

et al. 2020

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The separation of cyclopentanone from aqueous solutions with recommended (propan-2-yl) benzene (cumene) solvent was investigated at different temperatures of 293.2, 298.2, and 308.2 K and with the effect of NaCl, Na 2 SO 4 , and MgSO 4 salts. In a wide mass fraction range of cyclopentanone, the solute distribution coefficients and separation factors were within (1.554−5.992) and (75.85−1944.97), respectively. The high separation factors corresponded to low solute concentrations and low temperatures. The effect of salts was investigated, and enhancements in the separation factor were achieved up to 24.7, 39.9, and 49.3% with 0.01 mass fraction of, respectively, NaCl, Na 2 SO 4 , and MgSO 4 in an aqueous phase. This order of salt effectiveness is consistent with the Gibbs free energy for the hydration of the constituent ions. The consistency of LLE data for the employed system, with and without salts, was ascertained with corresponding equations. For the modeling of obtained data, the well-known activity coefficient models of NRTL and UNIQUAC were used, and binary interaction parameters were determined. High accuracy of the models was revealed with root-mean-square deviations of less than 0.0053 and 0.0069, respectively.

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“…12 The basic of liquid−liquid extraction is the phase equilibrium composition, which can be significantly affected by external conditions such as temperature, pressure, and presence of electrolytes in the aqueous phase. 13 Recently, numerous research studies have focused on the liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) for the salt-containing system. Altway et al 14 have explored the salt effect of the water + 5hydroxymethylfurfural + organic solvent system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Effect on the Liquid–Liquid Equilibria for the Ternary System Water + N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) + Chloroform

Wang

et al. 2021

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Wastewater containing DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) and salt is generated in production of many chemicals and medicines. The composition of phase equilibrium should be known primarily for the recovery of DMF from salt-containing wastewater by solvent extraction. In this study, liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) and solubility data of water + DMF + chloroform in the presence of NaCl with various concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, and 13.3 wt % and Na2SO4 with concentrations of 1.5 and 2.5 wt % were determined at T = 298.2 K and atmospheric pressure. Besides, the salt effect on the LLE data was investigated. Compared with the salt-free system, the salt led to an enhancement in the maximum DMF distribution coefficient by 13.4–102.6% for 2.5–13.3 wt % NaCl and 16.2–31.7% for 1.5–2.5 wt % Na2SO4, respectively. Since the distribution coefficient of water increased concurrently, the separation factor barely changed and the two-phase region expanded outward slightly. At the same salt mass fraction, the order of salting-out effect strength on extraction was Na2SO4 > NaCl, which was in good agreement with the Hofmeister series. The reliability of the experimental values was verified through the Eisen–Joffe equation. The NRTL thermodynamic model was applied to correlate the experimental data with a root-mean-square deviation less than 0.0062. The coherent consistency of the model parameters for the salt-free system was checked by topological analysis based on the Gibbs tangent plane test.

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Salt Effects on Liquid–Liquid Equilibria of Water + Phenol + (Propan-2-yl) Benzene + Salts Systems

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Optimization and Evaluation of Polymer Inclusion Membranes Based on PVC Containing Copoly-EDVB 4% as a Carrier for the Removal of Phenol Solutions

Optimization and Evaluation of Polymer Inclusion Membranes Based on PVC Containing Copoly-EDVB 4% as a Carrier for the Removal of Phenol Solutions

Temperature and Salt Effects on the Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium of the Water + Cyclopentanone + (Propan-2-yl) Benzene System

Salt Effect on the Liquid–Liquid Equilibria for the Ternary System Water + N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) + Chloroform

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