Salmonella typhi Vaccine Strain CVD 908 Expressing the Circumsporozoite Protein of Plasmodium falciparum: Strain Construction and Safety and Immunogenicity in Humans

Recombinant live Salmonella spp. for human vaccination against heterologous pathogens

“…Two oral doses of 5U10 7 cfu resulted in sero-conversion in two out of 10 vaccinees, while a third vaccinee developed antigen-speci¢c CD8 cytolytic activity [53]. To our knowledge, no data for heterologous vaccination using the improved carrier strain CVD908-htrA have yet been reported.…”

“…In the case of S. typhi CVD908, chromosomal insertion of the heterologous gene csp leads to expression levels high enough to elicit some human immune responses against this foreign antigen (see Table 1) [53].…”

Molecular vaccines for malaria

“…182,183 Nearly two decades ago, an attenuated Salmonella typhi was used to elicit a human serologic or cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to a foreign target antigen, P. falciparum CSP. 184 The attenuated S. typhi vaccine strain CVD 908, harboring deletion mutations in aroC and aroD, was shown to be well-tolerated and highly immunogenic, eliciting impressive serum antibodies, mucosal IgA and cell-mediated immune responses. A decade later, when P. falciparum MSP1 19 was genetically fused to fragment C of tetanus toxin and then expressed within attenuated S. typhi CVD 908, under nonreductive intracellular bacterial conditions, chimeric C-MSP1 19 did not fold to form the properly disulfide bridged epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains of MSP1.…”

New dimensions in vaccinology: A new insight

“…These vectors have been used especially in mucosal immunizations i.e. Salmonella, E.coli, mycobacterium, lactobacilli, polio, adeno, rhino, meningo, influenza, vaccinia and canary pox virus have been used in various animal models with only salmonella typhi and adeno virus used in human system (66). As the parenteral route(s) of immunization generates systemic immune response only hence, we in our laboratory are currently emphasizing the relevance of both systemic (IgG) as well as mucosal immunity (secretory IgA).…”